Research On The Function Of "Helplessness" In International Chinese Education

The three mainstream functional outlines in China all list the functional items of "helplessness",and "helplessness" is a word with high frequency in daily life,which has two meanings of "helplessness" and "pity",and there is no English word corresponding to it,which is an important and difficult point in the process of second language learning.And there are many expressions of helplessness.Through the analysis of learners’ use of the intercorpora,it is found that learners can not directly experience the helplessness in the expression of the world,and they often use direct expression when expressing helplessness.The functional approach to the development of communicative competence is an important teaching method in second language teaching.This paper takes the functional approach as the theoretical basis,selects the "helplessness" function items in the functional syllabus as the research object.First of all,according to the characteristics of key words,the expressions under the "helplessness" function project are divided into seven types: the word "helplessness",the idioms of similarities helplessness,helplessness of have no way,helplessness of too late,helplessness of have no choice,helplessness of compromise and helplessness of must to do.Comparative analysis.method,situational design method and questionnaire survey method are used to analyze its various expressions from three aspects of formal,semantics and pragmatics.Secondly,combining the examples in the interlanguage corpus(HSK dynamic composition corpus and Chinese interlanguage corpus)and the explanations in the Hanyu Jiaocheng,HSK standard courses,Boya Chinese and Developing Chinese,these four sets of international mainstream Chinese education textbooks,this paper analyzes the learners’ articles,understands the types of errors in the expression of learners’ acquisition of "helplessness" function items,and finds out the learners’ acquisition of this function has semantic bias,use bias,vocabulary mastery,stylistic colouring,pragmatic expression,semantic collocation,grammatical sentence structure,collocation of related words,meaning underneath the words,usage object and meaning and so on.Finally,according to the grading of the Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education and International Curriculum for Chinese Language Education two textbooks and the compiling sequence of the four sets of international mainstream Chinese education textbooks,the teaching sequence table of the "helplessness" department is formulated,and three teaching suggestions are put forward for the difficulties of learning,hoping that learners can master and use the expression of "helplessness" functional items to achieve communicative purposes.