A Study Of Marx’s Early Political Philosophy Thought

Political philosophy is an important perspective for deeply understanding the development of Marx’s early philosophical thought.In recent years,with the rise of text research,ideological history research and other methods,Marx’s early philosophical thought research has made great progress and has a broader perspective.This paper,from the perspective of political philosophy,carefully interprets Marx’s early texts by synthesizing various methods,and deeply understand the development logic and ideological connotation of Marx’s early political philosophical thought.The formation of Marx’s early political philosophy has a specific historical logic,and critical examination runs through it.In middle school,influenced by the Enlightenment,Marx initially established the human physiological thought of seeking happiness for the people.During the period of Doctoral Dissertation,Marx paid attention to people’s freedom from the standpoint of radical democracy,and demonstrated the philosophical ontology of freedom by criticizing self-consciousness.During the Rheinische Zeitung period,Marx’s materialistic tendency was constantly strengthened.When thinking about and exploring social and political issues such as people’s poverty and the irrationality of the country,he gradually realized the limitations of Hegel’s philosophy of law in solving practical problems.Marx had already seen the realistic defects of utopian communism,and the development of social and political thoughts became an important motivation for him to study and approach communism.During the period of Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right and Yearbook of German and French period,Marx reversed the dialectical relationship between political state and civil society,and criticized civil society became Marx’s main task.Marx gradually turned from religious criticism to political criticism and criticism of reality,taking the realization of human liberation as the historical mission of the proletariat.At this time,Marx has completed the transformation to materialism and communism,which also paved the way for his gradual turn to political economy research.In “Economics and Philosophy Manuscripts of 1844”,Marx criticized the alienation phenomenon in capitalist society and pointed out that communism is the sublation of private property and self-alienation.During this period,in the analysis of communist theory,Marx explored the inevitability of the development process of feudal society,capitalist society and communist society,and launched a comprehensive criticism of Hegel’s idealistic philosophy system.In “The Holy Family”,Marx drew a clear line with idealism,which cleared the way for the birth of historical materialism and laid a solid foundation for the scientific concept of practice in German Ideology.Marx’s early political philosophy was close to the Enlightenment at first,and then gradually turned from revolutionary democracy to communism.Marx’s attitude towards classical liberal political thought gradually changed from identification to criticism.starting from the dialectical relationship between the modern state and civil society,Marx criticized Hegel’s philosophy of jurisprudence and the German state system,and explored the universality of the Jewish issues in modern society,and finally reaches communism in the path of overcoming bourgeois rule and class struggle.Based on the systematic carding of Marx’s classical texts,this paper puts the research object into the original context,combs out the logical approach of Marx’s early political philosophy thought with Marx’s own problem consciousness as the clue,and then better understands Marx’s early criticism of classical liberal political thought and the critical inheritance of utopian communism political thought,clarify the process and logic of Marx’s transition from political criticism to economic criticism.This paper is helpful to better understand the formation of historical materialism and Marxist philosophy,and has certain enlightenment value for the social construction of contemporary China.