| Rosa Luxemburg and Lenin,as revolutionaries of the Second International,always adhered to Marxist thought as their guide to solve the problems faced by the proletarian party on the road of revolution and development,and their ideological and theoretical achievements were of great significance to the enrichment and development of the Marxist ideological system.At the same time,the two had many debates on various issues within the Marxist theoretical system,one of which was the question of the building of the proletarian party.By analyzing their writings and letters on proletarian party building,this article argues that both Lenin and Rosa Luxemburg clearly understood that the theory of party building is very important,both in the process of the proletarian revolution and after the victory of the revolution,and that both of them have a common important premise on party building: it is necessary to build an advanced and pure Marxist party to lead the victory of the proletarian revolution and complete the transition to socialism,until the construction of the dictatorship of the proletariat.Advanced ideology and revolutionary theories are important prerequisites for building an advanced and pure Marxist political party.Therefore,this article focuses on the struggle between the two against opportunism and extracts their ideas on proletarian party building.On the issue of inner-party democracy,due to the peculiarities of Russia’s national conditions,Lenin proposed that Russia must establish a centralized system that realizes a high degree of autocracy from top to bottom,believing that only in this way can the party’s own strength be maximized,completely free from the oppression of the tsar and strive for legitimate rights and interests.Rosa Luxemburg’s Social Democratic Party has always had the legal right and status to meet and express its views publicly.In the face of Lenin’s point of view,she did not consider the actual problems of Russia,and considered the Russian problem from a German perspective,and fiercely attacked.After several debates between the two men and the results of the Russian Revolution,Lenin continued to reflect,absorbing Rosa Luxemburg’s democratic views,and gradually put forward the theory of democratic centralism.This article argues that the reason for the difference in the views of the two in the early period lies in the different political environments faced by the social democratic parties of various countries,and it is not unreasonable for Lenin’s authoritarian centralism to be placed in the social environment of Russia at that time;The democratic ideas put forward by Rosa Luxemburg are also in line with Marxist ideas in the long run,and do not deviate.Based on the premise of the dictatorship of the proletariat,the two men also have slightly different judgments on the nature and role of trade unions.Due to the different social environments such as the political environment,economic development and bourgeois development stage between Germany and Russia,Rosa Luxemburg and Lenin had great differences in answering questions about how to build a proletarian party,what kind of proletarian party to build,how to deal with the relationship between the party and the masses,and the relationship between trade unions and the party,and had several fierce theoretical confrontations.These theoretical confrontations had a great impact at that time,and also had a profound impact on the theory of party building system of the two,and also provided important help for the understanding and research of their ideas in today’s academic circles.As the world’s largest Marxist ruling party,our party must always remain sober and firm in order to win the support of the people and consolidate its long-term ruling position,and solve the special problems and tests faced by the big party.Since the 18 th CPC National Congress,our party has always adhered to administering the party strictly in an all-round way and solved many conspicuous problems within the party,but the tests facing the party in ruling,reform and opening up,market economy,and the external environment still exist for a long time,and the dangers of mental slackness,lack of ability,separation from the masses,and passive corruption will also exist for a long time.The whole party must always bear in mind that comprehensively administering the party strictly is always on the road,and the party’s self-revolution is always on the road;it must never have the mood of relaxing and resting and tired of war;it must persistently promote the comprehensive and strict management of the party,deeply promote the new great project of party building in the new era,and lead the social revolution with the party’s self-revolution. |
