| As contemporary people,Lenin and Rosa Luxemburg are both outstanding revolutionaries and Marxist theorists in the history of the international communist movement.They all witnessed and experienced the process in which the Second International has changed from flourish to decline.They have enriched and developed a series of problems in the Marxist theory on the road of pursuing the cause of proletarian liberation.The theory of Proletarian Party's construction is one of the important aspects.Upon this issue,they have both consensus and contradictions,as a result,some fierce ideological confrontation has occurred.In the process of building the Party's advanced nature,Lenin and Rosa Luxemburg both stressed that the importance of advanced revolutionary theory for the role of armed Party members and overcoming opportunism.They both stressed that the importance of strict organizational discipline and excellent quality to improve the quality of Party members.Both stressed that the establishment of a monitoring mechanism and the strengthening of democratic supervision are effective ways to overcome bureaucratism.However,Lenin disagreed with Rosa Luxemburg on the way of using advanced theories to educate Party members and overcome opportunism.The former advocates that educating Party members and instilling theoretical education in an inculcated way can overcome opportunism;while the latter emphasizes the spontaneity of the masses,and insists that theoretical education and practice are combined to overcome opportunism.On the issue of inner-party democracy,Lenin put forward a centralized system based on Russia's national conditions at that time;Rosa Luxemburg criticized its content and degree and then proposed a self-centered system,the essence of which is also democratic centralism.However,they had fierce debate on the degree of “democracy” and “concentration”,there has been fierce debate between the two.Through the controversy,according to the actual development needs of Russia,Lenin absorbed and borrowed Rosa Luxembourg's explanations on democracy and concentration and further proposed democratic centralism.This article argues that the difference in the political environment between Lenin and Rosa Luxemburg was the main reason for their disagreement.It's also reasonable that Lenin emphasized “concentration” originally,due to his comprehension of Russia's specific circumstance.Nevertheless,Rosa Luxemburg emphasized “democracy” and objected to recepting “concentration” as the organization principle of Party,no matter what the environment is.On the issue of the relationship between Party and the masses,Lenin and Rosa Luxembourg both emphasized the importance of people power.They also insisted the unification of Party's leadership and surveillance by the masses.At the same time,they insisted carrying on the mass line,contacting with the masses and relying on the masses.However,when they attached importance to the relationship between the Party and the masses,they have different views on the level of leadership of the Party and the spontaneous theory of the masses.Due to the differences in their social and political environment,Lenin placed great emphasis on the leadership of the Party and opposed the spontaneity of the people.Rosa Luxemburg insisted on the spontaneity of the people and did not attach much importance to the leadership role of the Party.Lenin and Rosa Luxembourg's series of theories on Party building not only developed and improved Marxist Party theory,but also had important theoretical significance and promotion rolefor the construction of the proletarian party and the proletarian revolution in Russia and Germany at the time,and also for many to implement.The proletarian dictatorship has provided ideological guidelines.It has important inspiration for the current Chinese Communist Party to strengthen its own purity construction,increase political awareness and quality,carry forward inner-party democracy,and improve party-community relations. |
PDF Full Text Request