Research On The Problems And Countermeasures Of The Construction Of Rural Comprehensive Disaster Reduction Demonstration Community In L County,Heilongjiang Province

As humanity enters a risk society,the threshold of emergency management has moved forward,and communities have become an important force in disaster prevention and reduction.The natural conditions in rural areas of China are complex,and the incidence of disasters is high.The overall level of disaster prevention and reduction is low,and the level of disaster management in rural communities needs to be improved at a higher level.The government actively promotes the construction of rural communities while also carrying out disaster prevention and reduction work in rural communities,continuously improving grassroots disaster prevention and reduction capabilities.In foreign countries,research and practice on community disaster risk management are closely integrated and continuously developed in practice,while in China,the creation of "comprehensive disaster reduction demonstration communities" is carried out.As one of the demonstration communities for comprehensive disaster reduction in rural areas,S community and M community in L County are represented by them.Starting from the actual situation of rural communities,this article uses risk management theory,safe community theory,literature analysis,interview methods,and other methods to study a series of problems in improving the construction of demonstration communities for comprehensive disaster reduction in rural areas,drawing on practical experience both domestically and internationally.During the investigation process,it was found that the disaster prevention and reduction work of S and M communities has achieved good results,but there are still some obvious problems: infrastructure construction,publicity and education,creation of characteristics,construction of emergency forces,preparation and exercise of contingency plans,etc.Thoroughly analyzing the reasons for the existing problems,the main ones are:economic development constrains capital investment,insufficient emphasis on disaster prevention and reduction education,lack of information sharing mechanisms in communities,imperfect participation mechanisms of social forces,and missing risk assessment links.In order to enhance the overall disaster prevention and reduction capacity of rural communities,the following suggestions are proposed for a series of issues in the construction of rural comprehensive disaster reduction demonstration communities: improving the guarantee mechanism,strengthening infrastructure and safety construction;Cultivate an emergency culture and comprehensively enhance the public’s awareness of disaster prevention and reduction;Smart empowering communities,improving the information technology system for disaster prevention and reduction;Integrate human resources and advocate for diverse community participation;Strengthen risk assessment,develop effective emergency plans,improve the construction of comprehensive disaster reduction demonstration communities in rural communities of L County,and comprehensively enhance the disaster prevention and reduction capabilities of grassroots communities.