Evaluation Of Independent Self-care Ability Of Elderly People In Community

Population aging is a major social problem that all mankind should deal with together.In order to solve the problem of population aging,the World Health Organization has put forward the strategic goals of "healthy aging" and "active aging".Faced with the reality that the size of the elderly population is expanding and the age structure of the elderly population is rapidly aging,the state actively promotes the concept of healthy aging,especially the construction of the community home care service system,so that the number and proportion of elderly people living in the community home care are rising,which has become an important group that cannot be ignored in the process of population aging.In order to realize healthy aging,fully grasp the self-care ability of the elderly in daily life,objectively evaluate and effectively analyze the independent self-care ability of the elderly,and put forward the improvement strategy of the construction of social old-age service system,which is an important issue in the development of our times.First,on the basis of collecting literatures in related fields,guided by theories of healthy aging,Orem self-care,Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and cognitive behavior,and based on the status quo of ability evaluation of the elderly at home and abroad,this study preliminarily collected,screened,integrated and determined the evaluation index system framework,and revised the evaluation index system through two rounds of Delphi expert consultation.Through exploratory factor analysis,a 6-factor evaluation model was determined to complete the preliminary construction of an evaluation index system for the independent self-care ability of the elderly in the community.The system includes 6 dimensions of daily living activity ability,instrumental daily living activity ability,physical function,cognitive status,consciousness and psychological status,social function and 25 evaluation indexes,and has passed the reliability and validity test.Finally,a set of scientific and reliable evaluation index system for the independent self-care ability of the elderly in the community was determined.Then,based on the constructed evaluation index system for the independent self-care ability of the elderly in the community,the actual application is carried out,taking the elderly over 60 years old in Beijing as an example to evaluate the status quo of the independent self-care ability of the elderly in the community.From the perspective of quantitative research,questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate the independent self-care ability of 360 elderly people in Beijing communities.Based on the analysis and evaluation of the scores of each dimension and evaluation index,it was found that the sample elderly people had reached a moderate degree of impairment,especially in the dimension of physical function and social function.In particular,it is necessary to pay attention to physical diseases,sleep conditions and listening ability.Through the difference analysis of the basic information in the evaluation index system,it is found that different ages and marital status will have a significant impact on the independent self-care ability and each dimension of the elderly.Finally,based on the evaluation and analysis results of the independent self-care ability of the elderly in Beijing communities,combined with key dimensions and important evaluation indicators,targeted improvement suggestions are proposed from the three aspects of the elderly themselves,social work and the government in order to promote the improvement of the elderly service system.Increase old age happiness and sense of gain.