Research On The Improvement Of Emergency Management Capability Of Urban Rail Transit Emergencies Based On "Scenario-Mission-Capability"

Since the reform and opening up,China’s urbanization process has been accelerating and people’s lives have undergone radical changes.With the advantages of convenience and efficiency,green and environmental protection,urban rail transportation has gradually become people’s first choice for daily travel.It plays an important role in optimizing urban layout and improving urban functions,and is a strong engine to promote the energy level of urban development.However,the rapid development of urban rail transit has brought about increasingly prominent safety issues.The closed space,dense flow of people and complex internal environment of urban rail transit make various types of emergencies occur frequently,causing serious impact on the safety of people’s lives and property and social harmony and stability.Therefore,it is urgent to improve the emergency management capability of urban rail transit.However,the current academic research on the emergency management capability of urban rail transit has the tendency of "emphasizing rescue but not prevention" and "emphasizing theory but not practice",which fails to clearly respond to the urgent demand of the rapid development of urban rail transit for improving the emergency management capability of emergency events.The urgent need to improve the emergency management capability of urban rail transport is not clearly answered.The change from "system construction" to "capacity building" in emergency management makes it inevitable to build up the capacity of emergency management in a comprehensive and holistic manner.In view of this,this study is based on the analysis framework of "scenario-mission-capability".Firstly,the key scenario elements are extracted from a large number of typical cases of urban rail transit emergencies using the rooting theory method,and the commonalities are found from the individuality,Secondly,based on the scenario analysis,we clarify the emergency management tasks of urban rail transit emergencies,list out the emergency tasks,and summarize and sort out the tasks and responsibilities of each emergency response body in different emergency management stages;finally,based on the analysis of emergency management tasks,we construct a framework of emergency management capability of urban rail transit emergencies,and establish a framework of emergency management capability of urban rail transit emergencies.Finally,the framework of emergency management capability of urban rail transit is constructed based on the analysis of emergency management tasks,and an index system for evaluating the capability of emergency management of urban rail transit is established,using triangular fuzzy numbers and multi-level grey evaluation methods for capability evaluation.Through the analysis of scenarios,mission and capabilities,it was found that the emergency management of urban rail transit emergencies in China has problems such as weak awareness of emergency response,ineffective risk monitoring,inadequate emergency linkage and disposal mechanism,and insufficient social and psychological relief capabilities.The main reasons for this are the lack of emergency publicity and education,the low efficiency of risk monitoring,the fragmentation of emergency management and the imperfect emergency psychological service system.Therefore,this study proposes strategies to improve the emergency management capacity of urban rail transit emergencies in four aspects: prevention and emergency preparedness,monitoring and early warning capacity,emergency handling and rescue capacity,and post-event recovery and reconstruction capacity.