A Study On The Migration Of Chinese Universities In Fujian Province During The Anti-Japanese War

The migration of Chinese universities during the Anti-Japanese War is a unique event in the history of world higher education.Apart from China,none of higher education institutions in the world have experienced such a large-scale,long and difficult relocation.The study of this historical event is of great significance for understanding the development course and characteristics of China’s higher education,tracing the inner spirit and development motive force of contemporary Chinese universities,and enriching the study of the War of Resistance Against Japan from the perspective of education and culture.This study focuses on a part of the nationwide university migration at that time according to the logic of regional division.Before the outbreak of the Total Anti-Japanese War,the higher education in Fujian Province started earlier,but its overall scale was small,and its development was affected by the political situation and the church power.After the war,the Nanjing Nationalist Government finally chose the educational policy of "one should observe peacetime in wartime" through the discussion of different stakeholders and official statements of the government,and issued a series of laws to guide the migration of colleges and universities.These policies and regulations have been implemented by the local government of Fujian Province,prompting Fujian Province to undertake a large number of university migration work inside and outside the province.During the Anti-Japanese War,a total of 15 colleges and universities migrated in Fujian.The migration process can be roughly divided into three stages.The first stage is from the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War to the eve of the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign,7 colleges and universities in Fujian Province migrated under the two main motivations of war and policy requirements.The second stage is during the outbreak of the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign.7 universities outside the province moved to Fujian due to the intensive warfare in this period.The third stage is from the end of the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign to the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.During this stage,the National Sea-frontier Schools migrated to the coastal areas due to the problem of location.In terms of the overall migration characteristics,this study sorted out 11 aspects,such as the type of university,newly built university,upgraded university,duration of staying,frequency and nature of migration,spatial location distribution of migrating site,specific site selection,migration form,migration number,campus loss,demobilization,etc.This study mainly adopts the historical method and case study method to present the historical background,overall situation and basic characteristics of the migration of colleges and universities in Fujian Province during the Anti-Japanese War.The migration experience of Xiamen University during the Anti-Japanese War is selected as the research object,and the school running situation of the university in the migrating place is described deeply.On this basis,this study summarizes the impact of migration of colleges and universities in Fujian province,which reflects the significance to the university.The university of China in the development of such a painful fracture were offered the opportunity to carefully consider its own national conditions,it also sowed the seeds for today’s college to explore its own development road with Chinese characteristics.The migration of Chinese colleges and universities during the Anti-Japanese War also injected a unique "true spirit" into Chinese universities.While the tenacity of the vitality of Chinese universities was tested,this experience also condensed the spiritual core of unremitting self-improvement for their subsequent development.