Cross-Country Skiers’ Upper-Body Muscle Characteristics When Double Poling In Different Intensities

Purpose:Cross-country is a classical endurance sport.Double-poling is the most common technique in cross-country.This study aims to research cross-country skiers ’upper-body muscle characteristics in an anaerobic simulation test under different exercise intensity.Method:Chinese elite cross-country skiers conduct an incremental load test and 30s anaerobic power tests on the Concept Ⅱ ski ergometer,to test anthropometric characteristics,oxygen uptake,anaerobic power,upper-body EMG.Results:The main muscle groups that skiers use double poling under aerobic strength are triceps,pectoralis major and deltoid anterior;the main muscle groups under anaerobic strength are pectoralis major,Triceps and rectus abdominis.The earliest muscle is the rectus abdominis,followed by the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles,and the latissimus dorsi and triceps brachii muscles are the latest.Conclusion:Chinese cross-country skiers have lower height,body mass and VO2max than international elite skiers.The skiers prefer to use the upper-body muscles for propulsion,the trunk muscles have a weak propulsion effect,and there are problems such as poor movement patterns and weak trunk extensor muscles.It is recommended that the skiers further enhance their physical fitness,trunk muscles strength and movement coordination,and optimize the movement mode.In addition,the training of the rear deltoid muscle may help to improve the propelling ability.