A Comparative Study On Funding Source Structure Of Private Higher Education In China And Japan

Since the reform and opening up,China’s private higher education has developed rapidly,but its funding source structure has always been relatively single,and this problem has hindered the development of private higher education.In contrast,the source structure of private higher education funds in Japan is diversified and balanced,which can provide a useful reference for the financing of private higher education in China.Based on this,this paper makes comparative studies on the source structure of the higher education funds.Research finding:The funding sources of higher education between China and Japan include tuition and miscellaneous fees,scientific research and school-run industries,bank loans,social donations,and government funding.However,in contrast,the income of Chinese private colleges and universities accounts for tuition and miscellaneous fees is too high,close to 90% of their total funds for running schools,and other sources of income are less.For example,the weak government funding(even most private universities are not funded at all),less social donations,difficult bank loans,school industry is limited by research and innovation,and the tuition income of private higher education is an important source,accounting for about two-thirds of their total funding,but higher than that in China.It can be seen that although the funding sources of higher education between China and Japan are similar,the proportion structure is different.China’s private higher education financing is facing the current situation of "more channels and less water" or even "less water".The real cause leading to our private higher education funding source is multiple,both from the government and social external reasons,for example,financial funding policy implementation,lack of loan guarantee mechanism,loan a single channel,social discrimination and prejudice,etc.,also from private higher education level of their own reasons,such as graduate development prospects are limited and affect alumni donation,teaching and research ability makes school industry lack of core competitiveness,school level is not high and affect social reputation,and so on.Based on this,in the future to promote the diversified development of our private higher education financing structure,can consider from the following aspects: first,the government can consider increasing the implementation of private university funding policy,second,establish a private universities with Chinese characteristics loan risk guarantee mechanism to expand its loan channels,again,improve and implement the private university loans and tax preferential policies,finally,our private university itself should also strengthen the cooperation with Banks and improve scientific research ability and school level,improve social reputation,so as to make their own funding source structure more diversified.In order to achieve the long-term and healthy development of private higher education in China,it must rely on the joint efforts of our government and private universities.