Localized Revision Of Parenting Self-efficacy Scale In The Stage From Preschool To Primary School

The stage from preschool to primary school is a transition period for individuals in the early growth process.Good bridging experience not only contributes to the healthy physical and mental development of children in their early years,but also plays a positive role in promoting children’s development in the later years of primary school and even lifelong development.Parenting self-efficacy is the subjective experience of parents in the process of parenting,which plays an effect on parents’ parenting concepts and behaviors,and has an impact on family education in the transitional period of childhood.Parents with high parenting self-efficacy level have higher confidence in their children,and form positive parenting ideas and behaviors,while parents with low parenting self-efficacy level show the opposite,so it negatively affects the connection between young children.Therefore,it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of parenting in the bridging stage scientifically.In view of the lack of domestic assessment tools for the cohesion stage of childhood parenting efficacy,the Berkeley Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale-Revised(BPSE-R)was developed on the basis of the Classical test theory(CTT)and based on the parent groups of children in preschool and primary school of lower grades.Meanwhile,BPSE-R has been translated and tested by many countries and has good reliability and validity.Item response theory(IRT)was proposed after the classic measurement theory,both of which have their own advantages and disadvantages.The combination analysis of the two theories can further test the measurement attributes of the scale and provide theoretical basis for the revision of the scale.Therefore,this study takes parents in the bridging stage as the research subject,combines CTT and IRT to explore the applicability of BPSE-R in the Chinese cultural background,in order to provide a reliable and effective assessment tool for the local bridging stage of parenting efficacy,and enrich the theoretical and empirical research on parental efficacy.This study mainly consists of two studies.Study 1: Revision of BPSE-R based on classical test theory(CTT).The translated BPSE-R was used to test the parents of the pre-school senior class and the parents of the primary school junior class to form the results.The results show that the Chinese version of BPSE-R preschool and primary edition performs well in item analysis,confirmatory factor analysis CFA,aggregation and discriminative validity and internal consistency reliability.In addition,crosssection measurement invariance test was conducted for 14 common questions in the two versions.Multiple groups of CFA showed that they had cross-section configural Invariance,weak invariance,strong invariance and strict invariance,which could be used for cross-section comparison and analysis.Since traditional classical test theory evaluates the scale from the overall quality,it is difficult to realize in-depth analysis of item information.Item response theory(IRT)is more refined in the scale quality analysis.Therefore,based on this theory,Study 2 is formed: revision of BPSE-R from the perspective of item response theory.The results show that BPSE-R belongs to one dimensional structure and the model fits well.In terms of item quality,the quality of most items met the measurement inspection standards,but items 3,6,7,9,10 and 17 of the preschool edition and items 6,9 and 10 of the primary edition did not meet the standards in terms of project parameters,item information,item characteristic curve and differential item functioning,suggesting that the above items could be deleted.Conclusions: 1.According to the analysis from the perspective of CTT,the Chinese version of BPSE-R conforms to the two-dimensional structure of the original scale,and performs well in each measurement index.2.The Chinese version of BPSE-R shows that most items have good measurement performance from the perspective of IRT,and some items with poor quality can be deleted to simplify the scale and improve its quality.3.Based on the measurement invariance test under CTT,it is found that the equivalence of BPSE-R grade is established,which can be compared across grades;However,DIF test results under IRT showed that DIF existed in some items,which may affect the validity of measurement results.Therefore,relevant items were deleted based on the analysis of items under IRT.4.The Chinese version of BPSE-R can be used to evaluate the parenting self-efficacy of parents with a wide distribution in the bridging stage.5.The parenting self-efficacy in the stage from preschool to primary school is at a medium level.