Research On Science And Technology Innovation Performance Of Universities Under The Construction Of Top Universities Based On Two-Stage DEA Model

The Sixth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee proposed to deeply grasp the historical experience of "insisting on independence" and "insisting on innovation";the Fifth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee made "self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology" a strategic support for national development.Universities are an important part of the national science and technology innovation system and bear the heavy responsibility of original innovation.The "double first-class" construction strategy is a major breakthrough for China to promote the construction of a strong country in higher education,and the universities constructed by first-class universities are prominent representatives of the implementation of national development strategies,including the construction of a strong country in science and technology,and are the front-runners and leading geese of higher education in China.It is the leader of higher education in China.It is important to understand and grasp the current situation of science and technology resources input and scientific research output of universities,deeply analyze the performance of science and technology innovation of top universities and the inherent differences,explore the key influencing factors and propose countermeasures,which is important to help the education and science and technology power and achieve the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation.Combining relevant theories,the university science and technology innovation activities are divided into two stages of knowledge creation and knowledge transfer on the basis of reviewing domestic and foreign literature,and a two-stage DEA model is constructed by drawing on existing studies.The two-stage DEA model and Malmquist model were used to analyze the overall performance of university science and technology innovation and the performance of each sub-stage in static and dynamic trend analysis,and to compare the science and technology innovation performance of the sample universities during the 12 th Five-Year Plan and the 13 th Five-Year Plan.The period of 2011-2019 is selected as the study period,the two-stage DEA model and Malmquist model are used to analyze the overall performance of university science and technology innovation and the performance of each sub-stage in static and dynamic trend analysis,and to compare the science and technology innovation performance of the sample universities during the 12 th Five-Year Plan and the 13 th Five-Year Plan.Then,using the measured static performance as the explained variable,select internal and external factors such as human resources,human resource quality,scientific and technological activity exchanges,degree of enterprise cooperation,government support and economic development level,and use the DEA-Tobit model to study its impact on university scientific and technological innovation.The impact level of the overall and sub-stage performance points out the direction for improving the performance of scientific and technological innovation in colleges and universities.The research results show that:(1)The overall science and technology innovation performance of universities under the construction of first-class universities is not high and the differences among universities are obvious.(2)Through comparison by stages and periods,the knowledge creation stage is higher than the knowledge transfer stage;compared with the 12 th Five-Year Plan,the knowledge creation stage achieves total factor productivity growth,while the knowledge transfer stage is limited by the lower degree of innovation of knowledge achievements and fails to speed up in the 13 th Five-Year Plan.(3)Through the comparison of sub-stage innovation performance of different types of colleges and universities,the development of each sub-stage of each type of college is uneven,reflecting certain school-running orientation and discipline characteristics.(4)Through the regression analysis of influencing factors in stages,it is found that human resources and their quality are necessary factors in both stages of university science and technology innovation;the exchange of science and technology activities cannot effectively improve knowledge creation output in the short term;the degree of enterprise cooperation and government support promote knowledge transfer;and the level of economic development is conducive to knowledge creation output.Based on the above conclusions,combining with the strategic objectives of "scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement" and "double first-class" construction,countermeasures are proposed to improve the scientific and technological innovation performance of universities from three levels: the state should lead the construction of "double first-class";universities should strategically study the situation of science and technology innovation and take multi-faceted measures such as deepening the reform of institutional mechanism,stimulating the innovation vitality of talents,strengthening the strategic science and technology force and innovating the technology transfer mechanism;society should improve the atmosphere of collaborative innovation and the construction of support system to jointly help science and technology become self-sustainable and self-improving.