Book And Certificate Integration In Higher Education Institutions In Liaoning Province Under 1+X Certificate System Research On The Current Situation,Problems And Countermeasures

In January 2019,the National Implementation Plan for Vocational Education Reform issued by the State Council proposed that "starting from 2019,the pilot of academic certificate + several vocational skills level certificate system(hereinafter referred to as 1+X certificate system)will be launched in vocational colleges and applied undergraduate colleges and universities." The launch of the 1+X certificate system has enabled vocational colleges and universities to leap from a single technical skills training concept to comprehensive quality improvement and complex talent training,and has pushed the reform of vocational education onto a new path.In order to ensure the efficient implementation of 1+X certificate system,Liaoning Province took the lead in carrying out the book-certificate integration work in 2020,and has achieved certain results after nearly three years of practice.Especially in higher vocational colleges and universities,for example,in 2020,Liaoning Province organized five vocational skills registration certificates such as industrial robot application programming and industrial robot assembly to carry out the pilot work of book-certificate integration,revised 23 talent training programs,integrated 84 courses and 856 skill points,and the first batch of pilot students from higher vocational colleges and universities completed the study,assessment and conversion of learning outcomes of book-certificate integration courses and obtained vocational skills Grade certificate.As of March 2023,there are 33 pilot institutions of higher education piloting the integration of book and certificate.This study selects the higher vocational colleges that carry out book-certificate integration as the research object,aiming to sort out the current situation,problems and reasons of book-certificate integration under the 1+X certificate system,and make suggestions for optimizing book-certificate integration.Based on the CIPP model,this study constructs an analysis framework with four dimensions of certificate background,guarantee conditions,implementation process and implementation effect of book-certificate integration,uses literature research method and survey research method to carry out theoretical research and practical research,and uses NVivo to process and analyze the findings.At the present stage,the book and certificate integration of higher vocational institutions in Liaoning Province has achieved the complementary special mechanism and the coupling effect between institutions and the government in terms of certificate background;in terms of guarantee conditions,the policy system and financial support are effectively implemented;the implementation process is dominated by the pilot institutions of1+X certificate system and high-quality training is carried out;the implementation effect is mainly reflected in the remarkable effectiveness of book and certificate integration,both higher vocational institutions and training evaluation Both the higher education institutions and the training evaluation organizations highlight the cultivation of talents’ ability.Through the study,it is found that there are still some problems,such as the quality of "X" certificate varies;there are deviations in the understanding of the policy by teachers and training evaluation organizations;the evaluation mechanism of the book and certificate integration is too single;it is difficult to unify the needs of all parties in the final implementation effect of the book and certificate integration.The main reasons for these problems are that the process of obtaining "X" certificate is not standardized,and the supply and demand relationship between stakeholders is unclear;the rights and responsibilities of multiple subjects are not clear,and the synergy is not good;the coordination and governance mechanism is not perfect,and the linkage of all parties is hindered;the information of interest subjects does not match,and there is no trust mechanism between them.Therefore,based on the CIPP model,we propose to improve the book and certificate integration,one is to enhance the diagnosticity of the background of "X" certificate by building a multi-dimensional support platform;the second is to increase the investment of teaching resources in higher education institutions,and ensure the stability of the supply conditions;the third is to improve the feedback mechanism of multiple parties,the implementation process to promote the process and finally achieve the standardization of the book and certificate integration,and the implementation effect to clarify the finality.The implementation effect is clear and final.