The Development History,Characteristics,Problems And Prospects Of For-Profit Private Universities In Japan

The establishment of for-profit private universities,a part of Japan’s higher education system,signifies the end of the Japanese government’s "fleet escorting" protection system for universities.In the future market competition,the Japanese universities will explore the characteristics of school running and rely on their own strength to achieve development.From germination to birth,for-profit private universities in Japan have been accompanied by controversies and queries.Accordingly,the question of whether for-profit schools can be set up in the field of higher education has been paid much attention to and been disputable.In order to explore this topic in depth,this paper employs literature research method,historical research method,and case analysis method to study the policy background,development history,characteristics,existing problems and future prospects of for-profit private universities in Japan.In China,Japanese higher education has been extensively studied,while relatively few studies on Japanese for-profit private universities have been conducted,this paper aims to provide a more comprehensive perspective for getting an in-depth knowledge of Japanese higher education system.This paper carries out a systematic study on for-profit private universities in Japan.It is mainly divided into five parts.Part 1 introduces the reason and significance of topic selection.Compared with traditional universities,Japan’s for-profit private universities have a more complex living environment.Their development momentum is not as strong as that of corporate private universities.In an environment rife with controversies and in the absence of national financial support,they have undergone numerous difficulties from their birth to establishment.Although Japanese for-profit private universities have some inherent problems and disputes,they have gradually found the correct position and determined their own school-running characteristics through trial and error amidst a tough survival environment,which deserves affirmation.Therefore,the study of the universities has certain theoretical and practical significance.Part 2 makes a detailed introduction to the development history of for-profit private universities in Japan,including the different developmental stages of germination stage,controversy stage,and birth stage.Part 3 selects LEC Tokyo University of Career Development as a typical case,conducts an in-depth analysis of its education and teaching,management and operation,and teacher and student management,revealing its school-running characteristics.Based on this,Part 4 summarizes the overall characteristics of for-profit private universities in Japan,mainly including the diversified demands-oriented curriculum system and teaching methods,the orientation of students as customers,the introduction of enterprise-oriented operation,and the "revitalization" of regional economic industry.Part 5 further investigates the problems and future prospects of for-profit private universities in Japan,pointing out problems such as lack of state subsidies,poor schooling continuity,worrying education quality and incorrect positioning.Meanwhile,it proposes the prospects of building a fair competitive environment,guaranteeing the stability and sustainability of school running,improving the education quality assurance system,and actively exploring the market of vocational education and recurrent education.In conclusion,this paper conducts a comprehensive and in-depth study of for-profit private universities in Japan,and makes analysis from multiple perspectives of development history,case analysis,characteristics generalization,problems and prospects.Through this paper,we can better understand the school-running patterns,management mechanism and problems of for-profit private universities in Japan,thus promoting their development and improvement.In the meantime,this paper provides certain reference for the reform of higher education in other countries and regions,and is of certain significance for boosting global higher education.