Research On The Influencing Factors Of Investment Equity In Urban And Rural Basic Education

The general secretary’s proposal of "always placing education in a strategic position of priority development" and "running education to the satisfaction of the people" is an important topic leading our contemporary socialist modernization drive.Basic education can improve the quality of the people and lay the foundation for their acquisition of technology,which is conducive to the long-term accumulation of rural human capital,realizes the cultivation of local talents,and empowers rural development.Public investment is an important means for the state to regulate and control,coordinate development and promote the construction of social undertakings.Public investment is an important means for the state to regulate and control,coordinate development and promote the construction of social undertakings,and plays an important role in "stabilizing growth and promoting development".The process of achieving equity in education is multidimensional and long-term.At present,due to the low starting point of development,large demand base and poor allocation efficiency,China’s educational resources are still in an unbalanced state,and the long-term lack of attention to public financial management has also led to the problem of unreasonable and unfair allocation of basic education investment between regions and urban and rural areas.Therefore,only by understanding the current situation of the development of basic education in China,studying the fairness of investment in basic education in public financial management,and exploring the influencing factors that cause investment imbalance can we promote the comprehensive and equitable development of basic education,so as to promote the progress of higher education more smoothly and achieve the goal of strengthening the country with talents and human resources.Based on public investment theory and investment evaluation theory,this paper first uses descriptive statistical analysis to briefly understand the current situation of basic education investment,explores the current urban-rural gap in basic education in China,and then further studies the investment in basic education by calculating the urban-rural Tell index,and summarizes the development trend through the comparison of time series.The results show that there is still a significant gap in basic education investment in the eastern,central and western regions of China,and the overall investment level in the eastern region is higher.There is indeed an unfair phenomenon in China’s urban and rural basic education investment,and the investment gap has a trend of widening,which should be paid attention to.Secondly,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of investment imbalance,because the gray correlation analysis method has low requirements and small calculation requirements for the amount of sample data and the relationship between variables,so the gray correlation analysis method is first selected to make a preliminary exploration to understand the relevant factors affecting the investment in basic education.Then,according to the gray correlation analysis results and the influence mechanism of each factor,based on the panel data from 2011 to 2020,a fixed-effect regression model is established to further study the influence degree of each factor,so as to explore the optimal scheme to promote educational equity.The analysis results show that:(1)Investment in rural basic education will increase with the increase of total investment in basic education.Only when education is paid as a whole and investment is sufficient,will there be more attention to basic education in rural areas.(2)The urbanization process has a positive impact on rural basic education investment.Areas with a higher level of urbanization generally have a better material foundation,and if their material desires are satisfied,they will pursue a higher spiritual realm,so they pay more attention to the quality of education,thereby promoting the simultaneous development of urban and rural basic education.(3)The greater the number of local colleges and universities,the higher the proportion of investment in rural basic education.The large number of local colleges and universities,sufficient human capital and high quality can produce incremental human capital diffusion and driving effects,and rural basic education will also receive more attention.(4)There is a negative correlation between the local economic level and the proportion of rural basic education investment.This may be because the higher the economic level,the narrower the scope of the field directly or indirectly related to agriculture,and the smaller rural area,so the proportion of basic education investment in rural areas is lower,so it shows an inverse relationship with the variable being explained,but this does not mean that economic development will inhibit the equity of basic education investment.(5)Fiscal decentralization will discourage investment in rural basic education.Local governments with high autonomy tend to show a certain degree of preference in decision-making,blindly pursuing political performance and ignoring basic education and other guaranteed livelihood expenditures,and the investment in rural basic education is poor.Based on the above research,this paper puts forward relevant suggestions,we should adhere to economic construction as the center and promote balanced regional development.Attach importance to basic education and continue to increase investment in basic education;Continue to promote urbanization and achieve integrated urban and rural development;Improve the local fiscal system and identify the fiscal balance;Establish the awareness of human capital investment,and attach importance to talent training and introduction.