Research On The Design Of Junior High School Physics Extracurricular Assignments Based On The Cultivation Of Students’ Scientific Thinking Under The Background Of "Double Subtraction"

In the context of the “double reduction” policy,The Physics Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education(2022 Edition)requires that one of the important tasks in current secondary education is developing middle school students’ core literacy.As one of the components of core literacy,the ability of scientific thinking plays a significant role in the learning of physics.Improving scientific thinking not only helps students solve physical problems,but also develops their abilities.According to the current learning situation,there is insufficient emphasis on scientific thinking in secondary education.Based on the context of the “double reduction” policy,this paper designs physics homework cases that aims to foster students’ scientific thinking skills.We begins with a content-based review of relevant literature to understand the current state of scientific thinking and homework design.Then followed by four aspects of scientific thinking,the study compiles students’ investigation paper and analyzes the test results to learn the problems of students’ scientific thinking abilities at present.Next,we interviewed physics teachers in the secondary school,which reveals that teachers do not know much about scientific thinking,and teachers focus on consolidating basic knowledge in their homework assignments,hardly involving specifically trains students’ scientific thinking homework.Based on the findings,four cases of after-school assignments are designed to develop middle school students’ scientific thinking in physics: a hair pain instrument,home-made ice cream,observing the law of convex lens imaging and the making of a cartesian diver.The equipment required for these four cases is available in the daily life,and the resources for developing them are extensive.Some of designed cases are then put into teaching practices and the results of the cases are post-tested.Through comparing the data,it shows that the designed cases can significantly improve students’ scientific thinking skills.Questionnaires and practice lead to the following conclusions: 1.The importance of teachers attach to scientific thinking is closely related to the development of students’ scientific thinking.To promote students’ scientific thinking,is crucial to increase teachers’ degree of attention to scientific thinking.2.Enhancing students’ internal drive plays a decisive role in improving their abilities.But junior high school students generally do not have a high internal drive for learning,therefore,they have fewer channels for learning scientific thinking.3.One reason why students have much difficulty in fostering query and innovation is that students are not confident enough in themselves,resulting in they often have questions but not dare to raise them.This is why it’s important to help students build confidence not only in their studies but also in their lives,which is also beneficial to their future development in all aspects.4.In the context of “double reduction”,the designed cases of after-school assignments in physical science thinking can play a role in the development of students’ scientific thinking.Finally,the shortcomings of the study as well as the outlook are presented at the end of the paper.