| The cultivation of college students’ healthy behaviors is an important part of higher education.With the development of society,people pay more and more attention to physical health problems,and the importance of physical exercise is increasing,but the changes of the external environment and the changes of individual mental state will affect people’s exercise behavior pattern.This study aims to explore the relationship between multi-dimensional social support and college students’ exercise behavior under public health emergencies,and verify the mediating role of exercise motivation and exercise self-efficacy between social support and college students’ exercise behavior.With gender,major and grade as the entry point,the differences in each variable and the mediating effects on each path were explored.Research methods:A questionnaire survey was used to measure 1000 college students in Chengdu by selecting mature scales such as Perceptive Social Support Scale,Exercise Motivation Scale,Exercise self-efficacy Scale and Physical exercise Rating Scale.Using mathematical statistics,Excel was used for data screening statistics,independent sample T test in SPSS26.0 and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the differences of each variable in demography,and Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between each variable.AMOS26.0 software was used to construct structural equation model to test the mediating effect and the moderating effect.Research results:(1)Cronbach’s α coefficient of all scales was greater than 0.8,KMO value was greater than 0.7(P<0.001),AVE value was greater than 0.5,CR value was greater than 0.8,and the main fitting indexes of the confirmatory factor model met the acceptable standard.(2)The social support of college students was generally at a high level,including low support group accounted for 4.8%,medium support group accounted for40.8%,high support group accounted for 54.4%.There were no significant differences in the variables of social support among students of different genders,grades and majors(P>0.05).In different places of origin,the social support of college students from urban areas was significantly higher than that of students from rural areas(P<0.01).(3)The exercise motivation of college students was at the middle and higher level,and the exercise motivation of male college students was significantly higher than that of female college students(P<0.05).The exercise motivation of college students in different grades was significantly different(P<0.01),and the motivation level of junior students was the highest.The exercise motivation of urban college students was significantly higher than that of rural college students(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in exercise motivation among college students of different majors(P>0.05).(4)In the exercise self-efficacy variables of college students,the number of inefficiency accounted for 21.2%,the general efficiency accounted for 43.8%,and the high efficiency accounted for 35.5%.The exercise self-efficacy of male students was significantly higher than that of female students(P<0.001).The exercise self-efficacy of freshman was significantly lower than that of sophomore(P<0.001).There were significant differences in the exercise self-efficacy of college students of different majors(P<0.01),and the art majors had the highest level of exercise self-efficacy.In different student areas,the exercise self-efficacy of college students from rural areas was significantly higher than that of urban students(P<0.05).(5)The exercise behavior of male college students was significantly higher than that of female college students(P<0.001).The exercise behavior of college students in different grades was significantly different(P<0.01),and the junior grade had the highest level of exercise.The exercise behavior of art students was significantly higher than that of science and technology students and literature and history students(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in exercise behavior among students from different places(P>0.05).(6)The variables and dimensions of college students’ social support,exercise motivation,exercise self-efficacy and exercise behavior were pinion-wise correlated(P<0.01).(7)Exercise motivation had significant mediating effect between social support and exercise behavior of college students(95%CI [0.037,0155]).The mediating effect of exercise self-efficacy was significant between social support and exercise behavior(95CI[0.060,0.150]);Exercise motivation and exercise self-efficacy had significant chain mediation effect between social support and exercise behavior of college students(95%CI[0.032,0.087]).There were significant gender,grade and major differences in the path of social support → exercise self-efficacy,and significant grade differences in the path of exercise motivation → exercise self-efficacy.The conclusions of the study:(1)The scale selected in this study has good reliability and validity,and is suitable for college students.(2)Male college students have higher exercise motivation,exercise self-efficacy and exercise behavior level than female college students.(3)There is a significant positive correlation between social support,exercise(4)motivation and exercise self-efficacy and exercise behavior of college students.Within a certain range,the higher the level of social support,the more can improve the level of exercise motivation and exercise self-efficacy of college students,and then promote the generation of exercise behavior.(5)Social support can not directly affect the exercise behavior of college students,but indirectly affect the exercise behavior of college students through the independent mediating effect or chain mediating effect of exercise motivation and exercise self-efficacy.Different gender,different majors and different grades have a moderating effect on the relationship among college students’ social support,exercise motivation,exercise self-efficacy and exercise behavior. |
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