Research On Fertility Willingness And Incentive Policy Of Occupational Women Of Childbearing Age Under "Three-child" Policy

On May 31,2021,the country announced the three-child policy.From the two-child policy to the three-child policy,the labor costs of female workers during pregnancy and lactation are increasing,and the possibility of employers preferring to employ male workers is increasing,and the employment environment for women is more difficult.For women in the industry,childbirth may hinder their career and affect their personal development.The dual pressure of family and workplace affects their fertility intention.Many professional women will choose to give birth later or not.N city of Jiangxi Province actively responded to the national policy and adjusted the birth policy for many times to encourage the birth.According to the implementation effect of the policy,the expected goal of promoting fertility has not been achieved,and the actual effect of the policy is not good.Therefore,in order to improve the fertility intention of occupational women of childbearing age,it is necessary to find out the fertility intention and influencing factors of groups of childbearing age,analyze the difficulties in the implementation of fertility incentive policy under the current situation,and formulate supporting measures to encourage fertility policy.This thesis takes the professional women of childbearing age in Nanchang City,Jiangxi Province as the research object,mainly using questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews,probes into the influencing factors of reproductive desire of professional women of childbearing age from three aspects: individuals and families,employers,society and government.Found that the three-child fertility willingness of professional women of childbearing age in N city is low,and most professional women of childbearing age choose to give up having more children.Among the 405 respondents,84.69% believe that having three children has a great impact on career development;In terms of the ideal number of children,54.81% want to have one child,35.8% want to have two children and only 1.48% want to have three children,and factors affecting the fertility intention of occupational women of childbearing age in N city of Jiangxi Province mainly include: economic factors,care factors,policy support factors,occupational factors,medical education and other public service allocation factors.In order to improve the fertility willingness of women of childbearing age in Nanchang and give birth,raise and nurture their children well,we should establish and improve the fertility support system in China,promoting paternal care and intergenerational support,creating a fertility-friendly social atmosphere,increasing financial investment in fertility to share the cost of parenting,improving the maternal and child health care service system,improving the nursery and preschool education service system,and giving full play to the role of trade unions,women’s federations and the media,from the above aspects,we can improve the incentive policy for reproductive career women of childbearing age,so as to provide decision-making reference for more effectively adjusting the current fertility policy.