Study On Fertility Willingness Of Childbearing Age Women And Incentives

Due to the long-term forceful suppression of population growth by our country’s family planning policy,and the continuous transformation of traditional fertility concepts to "fewer births,better births,fewer nourishments,and intensive care",the total population and fertility rate are declining and accelerating,and the population of the right age has low willingness to give birth,and the comprehensive fertility rate has fallen below the warning line.How to effectively increase the childbearing willingness of the existing people of childbearing age,eliminate or reduce their concerns when considering childbearing to increase the fertility rate,and maintain the normal generation of the population has become a common concern for people from all walks of life and is a practical problem that needs to be solved urgently.The reproductive policies in recent years,namely the comprehensive two-child policy and the three-child policy,have only lifted policy restrictions on the population of the right age who are willing to have two or more children.There is a lack of encouragement and support for one-child childbirth.It cannot effectively improve the willingness to give birth to a wider range of people of the right age.In the Politburo meeting,it was even put forward that “further optimize the birth policy,and the implementation of the policy that one couple can have three children and supporting measures will help improve our country’s population structure,implement the national strategy to actively respond to the aging of the population,and maintain our country’s human resource endowment advantages."Based on the current situation of women’s childbearing willingness in Daiyue District,Tai’an City,Shandong Province,this paper adopts literature review and questionnaire survey methods to conduct in-depth research,and analyzes the different factors influencing the childbearing willingness of women of childbearing age in Daiyue District.For the purpose of improving the willingness of women of childbearing age in Daiyue District,theories and methods such as systematic analysis and statistical analysis are used.This article focuses on four aspects: conceptual definition and theoretical basis,fertility policy changes and implementation effects analysis,analysis of factors influencing the willingness of childbearing women in Daiyue District,and the design of incentive policies to enhance the willingness of childbearing women to give birth to empirical research on related issues that affect the willingness to bear children of childbearing age.The changes in the birth policy will inevitably be accompanied by the changes in the main contradictions of the population problems faced by the specific social environment.The policy orientation should always be maintained on the main line that conforms to the law of population development and meets the needs of adjustments to national conditions.Through the time sequence of policy adjustment,combined with the characteristics of population contradictions in different periods,the changes and implementation effects of the fertility policy are analyzed,and the difficulties and reasons faced by the current fertility policy in the implementation of Daiyue District are pointed out.Based on the data of 477 valid questionnaires distributed and collected in Daiyue District,Tai’an City,Shandong Province,the binary Logit model was used to determine the factors affecting the willingness to bear children of women of childbearing age in Daiyue District.The results of the study showed that eight factors,including age,physical condition,occupational nature,monthly family income,mortgage repayment,supporting parents,the participation of parents in child care,and the attitude of the employment unit,have a significant impact on the willingness to bear children of women of childbearing age.In order to improve the willingness of women of childbearing age in Daiyue District to give birth,this article proposes countermeasures and suggestions to increase the willingness of women of childbearing age in Daiyue District,Tai’an City,Shandong Province from four aspects: national policy,social environment of women of childbearing age,family status of women of childbearing age,and women of childbearing age.That is: the government should provide one-child and multiple-child families with various economic support including taxation;Revise and improve the existing maternity leave system,increase parental leave,and combine with the delayed retirement policy to exempt some members of one-child and multiple-child families from delaying retirement;To improve the status quo of infant care,the government and enterprises should coordinate the establishment of care centers for infants and young children before the age of 3 to implement inclusive care for infants and young children;Strengthen the propaganda of the multi-child policy,and guide women of childbearing age to actively establish a concept of fertility in the context of the multi-child policy;It is strictly forbidden to discriminate against the reproductive behavior of women of childbearing age in employment and career development,and establish a regular industry skill training system to improve the professional quality of women of childbearing age;Women of childbearing age should strengthen their understanding of the current fertility policy and change the solidified concept of fertility under the influence of the family planning policy.