The Evolution Of The Teaching Content Of Factorization In Pep Mathematics Textbooks(1951-2013)

The teaching content of Factorization is one of the important contents of middle school mathematics learning,and it is the identical transformation of integral multiplication.Understanding the meaning and concept of factorization and mastering the different methods of factorization play a vital role in cultivating students’reverse thinking ability,algebraic intuitive ability,prediction ability,etc.Because of this,this paper attempts to conduct in-depth and detailed analysis and summary of the evolution of Factorization teaching content in the PEP junior high school mathematics textbook,hoping to provide effective reference and reference for the future Factorization teaching and textbook research.In this study,the 1951-2013 textbooks were divided into 1951-1957,1958-1966,1978-1988,1988-2001,2001-2013,Using the methods of literature research,comparative research and statistical analysis,this paper studies the evolution of the teaching content of Factorization in textbooks.Specific research contents are as follows:First of all,the related concepts of Factorization teaching content are expounded.Secondly,based on the background of textbook compilation at each stage of development,the teaching requirements and content setting of Factorization in the curriculum standards（syllabus）are sorted out;then it combs the concept and significance of factorization and the setting of factorization methods in corresponding textbooks,and analyzes the evolution characteristics of each edition of textbooks;finally,conduct a quantitative analysis of the corresponding examples and exercises in the textbook,and then analyze in detail the evolution characteristics of the content settings of the examples and exercises.The conclusion drawn from the evolution research of eleven sets of textbooks is:1.The evolution characteristics of the content of Factorization in curriculum standards（syllabus）and textbooks are as follows:concepts are gradually abstraction;gradually simplify the method;examples and exercises are gradually simplified.2.There are three kinds of the meaning of factorization:The factorization is the identity deformation of the integral multiplication;fraction sometimes need to decompose the prime factor when the fraction and continuity,and the fraction and continuity of the fraction sometimes also need to decompose the polynomial factor;and the polynomial factorization is the value of algebraic formula.3.The methods of decomposition factor:Extracting Common Factor Method,Formula Method,Group Decomposition Method,the Factorization Method That Can be Converted into²+（₁+₂）+₁₂Polynomial,Cross Multiplication Method and Matching Method.Through the above research,the following suggestions are put forward for the compilation of textbooks:1.The title of Factorization in textbooks should be Factorization of Polynomials.2.Textbooks should answer what is factorization,why to learn factorization and how to factorize.3.Textbooks should be properly arranged with"grouping and decomposition method"and The Meaning of Factorization.Suggestions for teachers to use textbooks are as follows:1.Teachers should refer to different textbooks from multiple dimensions in teaching.2.Teachers should grasp the advantages and disadvantages of textbooks in teaching.3.Teachers should properly introduce the content of history of mathematics into their teaching.