A Study On The Relationship Between Family Sports Environment, Exercise Self-efficacy And Physical Activity Of Junior High School Student

Purpose of the study: "Physical inactivity" has become a problematic issue affecting the physical health of young people in China.The family environment is an important channel for promoting physical activity levels in adolescents.Exercise self-efficacy is a core factor in determining the development of physical activity behaviours in individuals.Therefore,this study uses the Social Cognitive Theory and the Social Ecological Model as the theoretical basis to explore the relationship between family physical environment,exercise self-efficacy and physical activity,with a view to providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for improving the physical activity level of adolescents.The study is based on theoretical foundations and a social ecological model.Subjects and methods: This study used a stratified whole group sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey among 750 junior high school students and their parents in four schools in Chongqing.The structure of the questionnaire consisted of four main parts: basic information,physical activity scale(PAQ-A),exercise self-efficacy scale and family physical activity environment scale.SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyse the data mathematically and statistically.Descriptive statistics analysis was used to understand the current situation of family sport environment,exercise self-efficacy and physical activity of junior high school students,independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare differences in demographic variables,Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between variables,linear regression analysis and Bootstrap method was used to analyse the relationship between home physical environment,exercise self-efficacy and physical activity among junior high school students,and the mediating role of exercise self-efficacy.Findings:(1)Overall,junior high school students in Chongqing are at an intermediate level of physical activity and a low level of exercise self-efficacy;boys have higher physical activity and exercise self-efficacy than girls,and junior high school students have higher physical activity levels and exercise self-efficacy than senior high school students.(2)In terms of the home physical environment,the psychological environment of home physical education scored the highest,followed by the behavioural environment of home physical education,and the physical environment of home physical education scored the lowest.This indicates that parents are able to fully recognise the value of physical activity and are happy to provide support for their children’s physical activity behaviour.The home physical environment is influenced by family income and literacy,with higher family income and parental literacy being more likely to provide a better home physical environment for their children.(3)Adequate and convenient home sports equipment and outdoor sports facilities,the behavioural environment created by the family(parental example,logistical support)and parental attitudes towards sports not only ensure junior high school students’ participation in physical activity,but also increase their exercise self-efficacy.(4)There is a positive and significant correlation between exercise self-efficacy and junior high school students’ physical activity,and exercise self-efficacy is conducive to improving junior high school students’ physical activity level.(5)Not only did exercise self-efficacy significantly predict junior high school students’ physical activity,but exercise self-efficacy mediated the relationship between the home physical environment(ball equipment,sports facilities,parental example,parental logistical support,parental attitude towards sports)and junior high school students’ physical activity,and the home physical environment influenced junior high school students’ physical activity through exercise self-efficacy,and exercise self-efficacy was an internal mechanism for junior high school students’ participation in physical activity.Internal mechanisms.Suggestions:(1)improve the physical environment of family sport and make full use of online information resources to compensate for family economic barriers;(2)strengthen publicity and guidance to cultivate parents’ correct beliefs about the value of sport;(3)stimulate and cultivate youth exercise self-efficacy.