| Objective: Depressed mood related psychological disorders have become a public health problem with more negative effects on the daily life,school and work,and even the healthy development of the body and mind of people of different ages.Studies have confirmed that regular aerobic exercise is an effective means to improve depressive mood and symptoms,and good health fitness is one of the means to promote the de-escalation and catharsis of depressive mood.However,the correlation between the components of health fitness and depressed mood is less studied,and the mechanism of action between them is not fully understood.In this study,we investigated the age-related changes of health fitness and depression in different age groups and the effects of regular aerobic exercise on health fitness,and explained the correlation between health fitness and depression.The aim was to reveal the optimal benefit stage of regular aerobic exercise to improve health fitness and depression,and to provide experimental reference for the prevention and treatment of depression and depression.Methods:(1)Ninety subjects were recruited according to age and exercise habits and divided into three age groups: youth group(20～30 years old),middle-aged group(45～55years old)and elderly group(60～65 years old),and each age group was divided into exercise group and control group according to the international physical activity level standard.A total of six groups of subjects were included in the experiment: youth control group,youth exercise group,middle-aged control group,middle-aged exercise group,elderly control group and elderly exercise group.(2)All subjects were tested for body composition and morphology(body fat,percentile body lip,fat-free weight,muscle mass,body mass index,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist-hip ratio,thigh circumference,thigh circumference),cardiorespiratory fitness(blood pressure,3-minute step test,spirometry,exertional spirometry,maximal ventilation),flexibility fitness(seated forward bend)and muscle fitness(grip strength,back strength,leg strength,one-minute deep breath).back strength,leg strength,one-minute deep squat,standing long jump).(3)The Beck Depression Inventory was used to test the depression of the subjects.(4)The experimental data were statistically processed using SPSS26.0 software package,and two-factor ANOVA was used for comparison between groups,and logistic regression analysis was used for correlation data analysis.Results:(1)During the ageing process,the waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio of the elderly and middle-aged control groups were significantly higher than those of the youth control group(P < 0.01),and the height,lung capacity,exertional lung capacity,maximum ventilation,seated forward bend,standing long jump,and one-minute deep squat test values of the elderly and middle-aged control groups were significantly lower than those of the youth control group(P < 0.05,P < 0.01);the grip strength of the elderly control group and Systolic blood pressure and hip circumference were significantly higher in the elderly control group than in the young control group(P < 0.05,P < 0.01),while grip strength,back strength and leg strength were significantly lower than in the young control group(P < 0.05,P < 0.01);Beck Depression Inventory scores did not differ significantly with increasing age.(2)In the exercise group,compared with the respective control groups,body fat volume,body fat percentage,systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in the youth exercise group than in the youth control group(P < 0.05,P < 0.01),while step test index,spirometry,seated forward bend,grip strength,back strength,leg strength,oneminute deep squat and standing long jump scores were significantly higher than in the youth control group(P < 0.05,P < 0.01);in the middle-aged exercise group The weight,body fat,body fat percentage,body mass index,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist-to-hip ratio,systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower than those of the middleaged control group(P < 0.05,P < 0.01),while the step test index,spirometry,sitting forward bend,grip strength,back strength,leg strength,one-minute deep squat and standing long jump were significantly higher than those of the middle-aged control group(P < 0.05,P <0.01);the weight,body fat,leg strength,one-minute deep squat and standing long jump of the elderly Weight,body fat,body fat percentage,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist-to-hip ratio and systolic blood pressure were significantly lower in the exercise group than in the elderly control group(P < 0.05,P < 0.01),while muscle rate,lung capacity,sitting forward bend,grip strength,back strength,leg strength,one-minute deep squat and standing long jump scores were all higher than in the elderly control group(P < 0.05,P <0.01);scores on the Beck Depression Scale in all age exercise groups were The scores of Beck Depression Scale were significantly lower than those of the respective control groups(P < 0.05).(3)Logistic regression analysis showed that both grip strength and one-minute deep squat among the subjects’ muscle fitness indexes were significantly negatively correlated with depressive mood(P < 0.01).Conclusions:(1)Human health fitness levels showed different trends during aging:waist-to-hip ratio increased and then decreased;waist circumference,hip circumference and systolic blood pressure increased significantly with age;height,cardiorespiratory fitness(spirometry,exertional spirometry,maximal ventilation),flexibility fitness(seated forward bending)and muscle fitness(grip strength,back strength,leg strength,one-minute squat,standing long jump)decreased significantly with age.long jump)decreased significantly with age.(2)Regular aerobic exercise can effectively improve the negative effects of aging on health fitness,reduce body fat,improve cardiorespiratory fitness,muscle fitness and flexibility fitness,and improve depression;the benefits of exercise are more obvious in middle age and old age,and are more conducive to alleviating muscle loss in middle age and old age.(3)Muscle fitness is significantly and negatively associated with the risk of depression,and the higher the level of muscle strength and endurance,the lower the risk of depression.The higher the level of muscular strength and muscular endurance,the lower the detection rate of depressive mood.Actively improving muscle health through regular aerobic physical activity can be an effective means of preventing and improving depressive mood during aging to reduce the risk of depressive mood. |
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