Income Quality、Demographic Structure Characteristics And Dairy Consumption Of Rural Residents

Health is the basic condition of economic and social development,and guiding residents to eat reasonably is the key measure to achieve residents’ health and promote Chinese high-quality development.Recently,the dietary structure of rural residents has been gradually optimized,dietary quality has been significantly improved,mainly manifested by significant improvement of dairy consumption.But there is still a gap between the dairy consumption of rural residents and the recommended intake of scientific dietary guidelines(109.5 kg),national and urban per capita dairy consumption(13kg,17.3 kg).It is necessary to deeply analyze the potential factors affecting dairy consumption of rural residents.Income is key factors restricting the improvement of dairy consumption level.With the deepening of aging population and successive implementation of the policy of multiple births in China,the social population structure has changed obviously.Different population groups have different nutritional needs,resulting in heterogeneous dairy consumption behaviour,therefore,the characteristics of population structure may play an important regulatory role in the relationship between income quality and dairy consumption of rural residents.Based on the above analysis,this paper tentatively brings income quality,demographic characteristics and rural residents’ dairy consumption into the same research framework,and deeply explores the promotion mechanism of rural residents’ dairy consumption under the joint action of income quality and population structure characteristics,with a view to promoting construction of healthy China,achieving coordinated development of health and social development to provide theoretical basis and policy reference.Based on the planned behaviour theory,absolute income theory,relative income theory,life cycle theory and Maslow demand hierarchy theory,this paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework of dairy consumption behavior of rural residents from the perspective of income quality and population structure,based on annual data of provinces from 1997 to2019.The method of literature research and econometric analysis is used to empirically investigate the mechanism of income quality on dairy consumption of rural residents.The specific research contents are as follows: first,this paper uses entropy method,descriptive statistical analysis and kernel density estimation method to analyze the characteristics of dairy consumption,income quality and population structure;secondly,panel regression model and threshold model are used to analyze the effect of income quality on dairy consumption.Thirdly,quantile regression is used to test the effect of income quality on rural residents’ dairy consumption at different quantiles;fourthly,hierarchical regression is used to test regulatory effect of population structure characteristics on “income quality-rural residents’ dairy consumption”.Fifthly,based on the three aspects of whether it is the main producing area,the difference of regional economic development level and the type of dairy consumption level,grouping regression is used to test the heterogeneous characteristics of the effect of income quality in different areas on dairy consumption.Sixthly,it is proposed that we should optimize the income quality of various dimensions of rural residents,pay attention to the nutritional needs of different population groups,focus on regional differences in milk consumption,and popularize nutrition and health knowledge,guide residents to form healthy eating habits.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)first,the dairy consumption level of rural residents increased significantly from 1997 to 2019,which showed strong regional characteristics under the influence of local economic development level and traditional eating habits.Secondly,the income quality of rural residents shows a trend of improvement,but the problems such as large regional differences and uneven development of various dimensions are more prominent.Thirdly,population structure in rural areas has changed significantly,showing the characteristics of the aging of young children.(2)income quality and its sub-dimensions of income adequacy and income knowledge have a significant positive impact on rural residents’ dairy consumption,with threshold characteristics,while income growth and structure have no significant impact.(3)the characteristics of population structure have a significant regulating effect on part of the path of “income quality-dairy consumption of rural residents”.Specifically,the elderly dependency ratio plays a significant positive role in regulating the path relationship between “income quality-rural residents’ dairy consumption” and “income knowledge-rural residents’ dairy consumption”.The child rearing ratio has a significant negative effect on the path relationship between “income quality-rural residents’ dairy consumption” and “income knowledge-rural residents’ dairy consumption”.(4)income quality and its sub-dimensions of income adequacy,income structure and income knowledge have a marginal positive impact on dairy consumption of rural residents;income growth has a positive impact on dairy consumption with low consumption level.(5)the influence of income quality on dairy consumption of rural residents is heterogeneous.The results of grouping regression show that improving the income quality of rural residents located in the main dairy producing areas,central regions,emerging dairy high consumption areas and consumption transmission areas is more helpful to promote dairy consumption.