Research On Exercise Attitude And Influencing Factors Of Junior High School Students In Nancheng District,Dongguan City Based On Socio-ecological System Theory

Background: Civilization its spirit,barbarism its body.As a well-known "sports city" in China,Dongguan City is not far behind,and in the process of building the country’s "two districts",school sports work has been incorporated into the education modernization construction plan and promoted simultaneously,so as to cultivate socialist builders and successors with all-round development of morality,intelligence,physique,beauty and labor.Nancheng District is the only "National Advanced Unit of Mass Sports" and "Outstanding Contribution Unit of Guangdong Sports Administrative Department" in Dongguan City,which not only makes use of the advantages of sports talents and venue facilities of each school to increase sports training outlets,but also hires professional coaches to enter the campus to guide and train teenagers.However,health problems such as myopia and obesity among junior high school students in Dongguan City are still prominent: the overall myopia rate of adolescents in Dongguan reached 61.32% in 2020,slightly higher than the national average;In the past three years,the obesity rate among junior high school students has reached 5.4%,that is,at least 5 out of 100 students are "fat".In addition to the reason related to study pressure and dietary overnutrition,the most important reason is that insufficient exercise and not forming a good exercise attitude.A positive exercise attitude can promote students’ adherence to physical exercise behavior,thereby achieving the purpose of enhancing physical fitness and improving health.The theory of social ecosystem is a promotion theory that studies individual behavior,which places individuals in a series of mutually influencing environments,believing that human behavior will be affected by a variety of social factors,and students’ exercise attitude will also be constantly affected by a variety of social environments(such as family,school,society,etc.).Therefore,based on the research of social ecosystem theory,this paper studies the exercise attitude and influencing factors of junior high school students in Nancheng,Dongguan City.Purpose and Significance: Based on the understanding of the exercise attitude of junior high school students in Nancheng District,based on the theory of social ecological system,the influence of individual,family,school and society on the exercise attitude of junior high school students is revealed,and targeted suggestions are put forward,aiming to provide an empirical basis for sports workers in Dongguan to formulate relevant intervention strategies.Methods: Taking 1395 junior high school students in Nancheng District,Dongguan City as the survey subjects,the literature method,questionnaire survey method,mathematical statistics method,etc.were mainly used to sort out and analyze the theory and application of social ecological system,the current situation of junior high school students’ exercise attitude and its influencing factors.result:First,the exercise attitude of junior high school students in Nancheng District,Dongguan City is generally at the upper-middle level(M=253.09,median value=210),but the polarization is obvious,and there is a considerable gap between the maximum value and the minimum value.Second,there are obvious demographic differences in the attitudes of junior high school students in Nancheng District,Dongguan City,as follows:1)School type characteristics: public school students have a better attitude towards exercise than private schools(P<0.01);2)Gender characteristics of students: Boys have better exercise attitude than girls(P<0.01);3)The characteristics of the students’ grades: the exercise attitude of the students in the third year of junior high school is better than that of the second and first year of junior high school(P<0.01);4)Student position characteristics: student cadres have a better attitude towards exercise than non-student cadres(P<0.01);5)Regional characteristics of students: Students in urban areas have a better attitude towards exercise than students in towns and streets(P<0.05).Third,the specific indicators at the four levels of individual,family,school and society all have an impact on the attitude of junior high school students in Nancheng District,Dongguan City(M>3,total score 5).The specific features are:1)"Sports cognition" has the greatest impact on the individual level(M=4.39,total score 5);2)"Parents’ sports cognition" has the greatest impact on the family level(M=3.47,total score 5);3)"Leaders attach importance to sports" has the greatest impact on the school level(M=4.10,total score 5);4)"Social Sports Instructor" has the greatest impact on the social level(M=3.47,total score 5).Fourth,the four levels of individual,family,school,and society are all significantly positively correlated with junior high school students’ attitudes toward exercise,and the degree of correlation from high to low is individual factors(0.312),school factors(0.275),family factors(0.168),social factors factor(0.141).details as follows:1)The individual level has the most significant impact on "emotional experience"(r=0.296,P <0.01)2)the most significant effect on "behavior control"(r=0.147,P < 0.01)3)The school level has the most significant impact on "behavioral cognition"(r=0.141,P < 0.01)4)The social level has the most significant impact on "behavioral habits"(r=0.262,P <0.01)Fifth,the social level and family level did not significantly predict the score change of students’ exercise attitude(p>0.05),while the individual level and school level(p < 0.01)positively and significantly predicted the change of junior high school students’ exercise attitude,of which The individual level(β = 0.255)had the most significant effect.Conclusion:First,the exercise attitude of junior high school students in Nancheng District of Dongguan City is generally at the middle and upper level,but the polarization is obvious,and there are obvious demographic differences.Second,according to the theory of social ecosystem,the factors affecting the exercise attitude of junior high school students in Nancheng District of Dongguan City are divided into "three systems" and "four levels",the micro system corresponds to the individual level,the meso system corresponds to the family level and school level,and the macro system corresponds to the social level.Among them,the individual level has the greatest impact on the exercise attitude of junior high school students,the school level is second,the family level is third,and the social level is fourth.Third,the micro system,meso system and macro system have different effects on junior high school students’ exercise attitude.Among them,individual micro systems play the most significant predictive role,and the influence degree of each system gradually weakens from the inside to the outside,that is,the microscopic system> the meso system > the macroscopic system.In addition,there are multiple characteristics of interaction between the three systems,which jointly affect students’ exercise attitude.Suggestions: Individual micro-systems should improve their own awareness of physical exercise;meso-systems should focus on stimulating students ’ physical exercise needs;macro-systems should provide social services for students’ exercise;in addition,all systems should work together to promote junior high school students’ participation in sports exercise.