A Study On The Factors Influencing The Participation Of Middle School Students In Winter Sports In Hangzhou

In February 2022,China successfully held the 24 th Winter Olympic Games.The goal of "engaging 300 million people in ice and snow activities" was achieved,so the strategy of "promoting winter sports in southern China" has reached a new stage of development.On this basis,the Zhejiang Sports Bureau has requested to focus on improving the popularity of winter sports among middle school students in order to form normalized participation in winter sports among them.This thesis takes the intrinsic factors of youth participation behavior in ice and snow sports in Hangzhou as the research objects.After reviewing the theory of planned behavior and drawing on the related studies,the research hypotheses were proposed and a measurement instrument suitable for this study was developed.This study investigated the participation of secondary school students in ice and snow sports in Hangzhou using a questionnaire survey method and obtained the research data.Therefore,this thesis takes the intrinsic factors of youth participation in winter sports behavior in Hangzhou as the research object.By reviewing the information related to the theory of planned behavior and drawing on the existing studies of scholars,five research hypotheses were proposed and a measurement instrument suitable for this study was developed.The questionnaire survey method was applied to investigate the participation in winter sports among middle school students in Hangzhou.The content validity of the measurement instrument was determined through expert review,while the structural validity of the measurement instrument was determined through exploratory factor analysis and validation factor analysis.Besides,the relationship between the sample variables was analyzed through difference tests and correlation analysis.Finally,the research hypotheses were tested through validating factor analysis,and the results of this thesis were summarized and deduced through logical analysis.The research results are as follows:First,demographic analysis of the survey data of this study showed: In terms of gender,male students outnumbered female students,accounting for 59.25% of the total sample size.In terms of age,middle school students aged 13-15 years old were more likely to participate in winter sports than the other two age groups,accounting for 48.62%,while students aged 10-12 accounting for 41.74%,and students aged over 16 accounting for 9.63%.In terms of grade,junior high school students were more likely to participate than senior high school students,accounting for 58.80%.In terms of BMI,students with normal BMI were more likely to participate than students with low-weight BMI and obese BMI,accounting for 54.82%.Second,the variance analysis of the demographic characteristics and the dimensions of the theory of planned behavior concluded that there were significant differences in the behavioral attitudes and behavioral intentions of middle school students of different genders to participate in winter sports in Hangzhou.There were no significant differences in subjective norms,behavioral control,and perceptual behavior.What’s more,there were no significant differences in the five dimensions among middle school students of different age groups and different grades.However,students with normal BMI,obese BMI,obese BMI,and low weight BMI had significant differences in the behavioral dimension,but there existed no significant difference in the other four dimensions.Third,the correlation analysis of each dimension concluded that there was a significant relationship between behavioral intention and behavioral attitude,subjective norm,and perceptual behavior control.Additionally,there was a significant relationship between behavior and behavioral intention,and perceptual behavior control.With behavioral intention as the dependent variable,from the multiple regression analysis,this study concluded that the behavioral intention of middle school students’ winter sports participation behavior was positively correlated with behavioral attitude,subjective norm,and perceptual behavior.With the behavior as the dependent variable,through the multiple regression and univariate regression analyses,it was concluded that the behaviors of middle school students’ winter sports participation behaviors were positively correlated with behavioral intention and perceptual behavioral control.From the validated factor analysis,it was concluded that,with behavioral intention as the dependent variable,the degree of influence was as follows: perceptual behavioral control > subjective norms > behavioral attitude.While with behavior as the dependent variable,the degree of influence was as follows:perceptual behavioral control > behavioral intention.The following conclusions were drawn: First,middle school students’ participation in winter sports is more influenced by behavioral attitudes and perceptual behavioral control.Second,the main endogenous factors of winter sports participation behavior among middle school students in Hangzhou are perceptual behavioral control and behavioral intention.Finally,perceptual behavioral control can directly contribute to the generation of behavior,and can also have a stronger influence on behavior through mediated behavioral intention.