A Study On The Impacts Of Development Zone Establishment On The Structure Of Enterprises’ Export Product

Under the background of economic globalization,countries have used foreign trade to drive a country’s economic growth.At present,the development of China’s foreign trade is constrained by both the external environment and the internal environment.China’s exports have slowed down significantly and the growth rate of exports have declined.Paying attention to the optimization of China’s export product structure is crucial to realizing the sustainable development of China’s export trade.In 1984,China established the first development zone.After years of development,the development zone has become a modern industrial gathering area with the fastest economic development,the highest innovation ability of regional enterprises,and the greatest ability to attract foreign investment in China.Researching the influence of the development zones on the structure of enterprises’ export products and its specific influence mechanism is of great significance to optimize the export structure of Chinese enterprises,strengthen export competitiveness,and achieve stable development of foreign trade.Based on the theory of national competitive advantage and comparative advantage,this thesis firstly analyzes the influence of the establishment of development zones on the structure of export products of enterprises from theoretical aspect,and according to the previous research results,this thesis deeply analyzes the influence mechanism of the development zone establishment policy on the export product structure of enterprises,including innovation effect,competition effect and production complementarity effect.Secondly,in the empirical aspect,this thesis mainly uses the China Industrial Enterprise Database,China Customs Trade Database and the 2006 edition of the Development Zone Catalogue to construct a panel data with a time span of 2002-2010,uses DID method to conduct basic regression empirical analysis and a series of validity and robustness tests.Through the mechanism test and heterogeneity test,the impact mechanism proposed in this thesis is verified,and the differential impact of the establishment of development zones on the structure of enterprises’ export products under different circumstances is summarized.Finally,based on the relevant theoretical and empirical results,this thesis puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions and research prospects.The empirical results show that:(1)the establishment of development zones can significantly promote the optimization of the export product structure of Chinese enterprises,and after the validity and robustness test of the double difference method,this empirical result still holds;(2)this promotion effect will be differences with the ownership of the enterprise,the administrative hierarchy where the enterprise is located,and the location of the enterprise.In general,the establishment of development zones has the most obvious effect on optimizing the export product structure of enterprises in Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan,state-owned enterprises,enterprises in general administrative areas,and enterprises in the central region;(3)the establishment of development zones is mainly through innnovation effect,competition effect and complementary effect of production to promote the optimization of the export product structure of enterprises.According to the relevant theoretical and empirical research results,the establishment of the development zone significantly promotes the optimization of the export product structure of enterprises,but through further analysis of the correlation coefficient and the results of the heterogeneity analysis,it can be seen that this optimization has further room for improvement.First,the Chinese government should pay attention to the important role of the policy of establishing development zones in optimizing the export structure;secondly,the Chinese government should increase its support for the construction and development of foreign-funded enterprises and private enterprises,which is conducive to the optimization of the overall export product structure of Chinese enterprises,and China should strengthen the policy of setting up development zones in general administrative regions.In addition,China should pay attention to the issue of balanced development between different regions,strengthen policy support for backward regions,and promote the optimization of the export product structure of enterprises in backward regions.