The Impact Of Agricultural Technology Progress Bias On Grain Production Efficiency

Developing the food economy and ensuring food security are crucial for a large agricultural developing country like China.However,at present,China is still facing food security problems such as insufficient supply of high-quality grain,unstable grain production structure and insufficient sustainability of production materials.Technological progress is often considered as a key factor in alleviate the current food production problems,which is important to enhance the efficiency of food production and modernize agricultural production.This paper first defines the concepts of bias of agricultural technological progress and grain production efficiency,discusses the impact of technological progress and its bias on grain production based on the theory of induced technological progress from the current situation of agricultural technological progress and grain production in China,and discusses the effect of its bias on grain production efficiency after technological diffusion from the perspective of spatial economics.Finally,put forward corresponding suggestions for improving quality and efficiency of grain production in China.The results of this paper show that: first,China’s overall agricultural technological progress is mainly biased towards agricultural machinery production materials,and from 2002 to 2020,the agricultural technological progress bias index fluctuates significantly,and the proportion of years with the index greater than 0 is high,that is,grain production is mainly agricultural machinery biased technological progress mode.By regions,except for the eastern region,which has been maintaining the characteristics of dual bias of agricultural machinery and biochemistry,the central and western regions show obvious agricultural machinery-biased technological progress.Second,the effect of technological progress efficiency and technological progress index on total factor productivity of grain is obvious.From 2002 to 2020,China’s overall grain production efficiency showed a fluctuating upward trend,and with the increasing northward shift of the focus of food production,the scale efficiency and technical efficiency of grain production in the east and north increased significantly.The technological progress index and scale efficiency in the central and western regions have been relatively stable in recent years,and there is still much room for optimization.The technical efficiency of grain production in the southern region is relatively backward compared with the scale efficiency,so the overall grain production efficiency is low.Improving the efficiency of technological progress is the most important factor to improve the efficiency of grain production in all provinces in China.Third,the Moran index is used to verify the spatial dependence of China’s grain production efficiency,and the spatial lag model is further used to investigate the influence of technological progress bias on grain production efficiency,and it is found that from the national level,China’s agricultural machinery biased technological progress inhibits the improvement of grain production efficiency,but the inhibitory effect of technological progress bias on grain production efficiency is not significant in the main grain-producing areas.In addition,the spatial spillover effect of technological progress bias on grain production efficiency is significantly negative.