Research On The Demand And Influencing Factors Of Inclusive Home-Based Elderly Care Services In Rural Areas

Common prosperity is an important feature of Chinese path to modernization.Achieving prosperity for all people also includes a large group of elderly people.During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period,China will transform from a mildly aging society to a moderately aging society,and the aging degree will be further deepened,which will further aggravate the burden of old-age care.Improve elderly care services are a necessary means of actively responding to population aging and meeting the needs of the elderly for a happy and fulfilling life.With the decline of family elderly care functions and the transformation of traditional elderly care concepts,society plays an important role in sharing elderly care responsibilities and providing elderly care services,and new types of elderly care service models continue to emerge.Among many social pension service models,the elderly are most favored by home-based pension service,but at present,in rural areas,home-based pension can only meet the needs of some special elderly groups.The reasons are as follows: First,the current social pension service is not based on "universal",that is,to provide pension services for the elderly;Second,it failed to achieve "benefit",that is,the service price and service content benefit the rural elderly with ordinary middle and low income.The heterogeneity of the elderly in health status,economic endowment,family structure and other aspects shows the diversity of demand for elderly care services.In the context of common prosperity,it is particularly important to explore the demand level and influencing factors of rural elderly people for inclusive homebased elderly care services in order to enable rural elderly people to universally enjoy the necessary elderly care services.Taking the rural area of Shen County,Liaocheng City as the research site,368 elderly people over 60 years old in 20 villages in the area were randomly selected as the research objects.Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory,inclusive social welfare theory,welfare pluralism theory,and relevant research on home-based elderly care,inclusive home-based elderly care services are divided into four types: daily care,health management,spiritual comfort,and leisure and entertainment.Multiple regression analysis and other methods are used to study the types and levels of demand for inclusive home-based elderly care services among rural elderly people in economically underdeveloped areas and the factors influencing demand levels.The results showed that among the inclusive home-based elderly care services,the rural elderly had the most urgent demand for health management services,followed by daily care services.The overall demand level of the elderly for inclusive home-based elderly care services is between "general" and "comparative needs",and "inclusive" plays an important role in expanding the demand for rural home-based elderly care services.Among the expected influencing factors,marital status,annual income,selfassessment of health status,recognition of loneliness or anxiety,living status,number of children,and satisfaction with daily work of village cadres are the independent influencing factors for the demand level of inclusive home-based elderly care services.Among them,individual physical and mental health and family elderly care resources are the most important factors affecting the level of elderly care service demand,and the impact of family elderly care resources mainly lies in the factors of living conditions.The demand of rural elderly for inclusive home-based elderly care services is essentially a supplementary or alternative choice for family elderly care resources affected by individual physical and mental health and living conditions.Based on the above research conclusions,in order to better meet the urgent needs of the elderly for elderly care services,realize material and spiritual abundance in old age,and make substantive progress in promoting common prosperity,in rural areas,inclusive home-based elderly care services should be established and developed based on demand orientation: first,a "grid + cyclical" supply mechanism should be formed;second,service project appointment and feedback evaluation methods should be simplified;third,strengthen the promotion of service models and awareness of quality supervision;and fourth,a dynamic gradient-type inclusive home-based elderly care service system should be established.