Research For The Cultivation And Development Of Chinese Social Enterprises

As Chinese economy and social forms continue to develop under the new situation,a brand-new pattern of social forces has emerged,innovating social governance.From the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reform,adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee,which replaced “social management” with “social governance” for the first time,to the Report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,which proposed to “create a social governance pattern featuring joint construction,joint governance and shared benefits”,encouraging and supporting social forces to participate in social governance.And then the Ministry of Civil Affairs issued the Notice on the Special Action Plan for Cultivation and Development Community Social Organizations(2021-2023)…… Through all these actions,we can easily find that with the deepening of the theory and practice of social governance,an innovative pattern of social governance which is promoted by social forces is taking shape gradually.At this point,as an innovative form of social forces,social enterprises,with their unique dual attributes: the “social attributes” of public welfare goal,and the“commercial attributes” of business model operation,owning their distinct advantages of breaking the three bottlenecks,such as “Government failure”,“Market failure” and“Volunteer failure”.Hence,the social enterprises have been activating in the fields of community governance,employment promotion,education promotion,poverty alleviation,assistance to the disabled,and environmental protection and other fields,since entering China in 2004,playing a significant role in social governance in this new period of socialism.This thesis cut into the cultivation and development of social enterprises,and carried out systematic research on our country’s cultivation and development situation of social enterprises generally.Aiming at extending the typical urban experience of the cultivation and development of social enterprises to more regions and even the whole country,so as to provide references for cultivating social enterprises with Chinese characteristics.Thereby,it contributes to accelerate a good trend of Chinese social enterprises’ development from “the point” of some typical cities to “the line” of urban agglomeration and then to “the surface” of national promotion.This thesis is divided into six parts.The first part studied both the domestic and foreign literature overview,described the current research overview and results.The second part is the concept definition and theoretical basis.The third part conducted targeted research based on the social enterprises related policies and the current situation in our country,showed the social enterprises’ general situation.The fourth part is the sample analysis of the cultivation and development of social enterprises at the present stage.It enumerated the similarities and differences of typical samples in Beijing,Chengdu and Shunde and summarized their experience.The fifth part analyzed the problems in process of cultivating and developing social enterprises,with the research of the reasons.The sixth part is on the basis of the previous analysis,explored the Chinese path of cultivating and developing social enterprises.The seventh part is the end part.Mainly made a conclusion and research prospect of this thesis.It is found that,as the social forces,social enterprises have made basically progress in Chinese social governance innovation while the different local paths also have merits.However,in the process of the cultivation and development of social enterprises in China,there are five bottlenecks in legitimacy,policy support,social resources,social identity and market competitiveness caused by different degrees of failures of multiple subjects,which have hindered the pace of social enterprises.Therefore,under these background,three countermeasures were put forward: “Constructing the institutional framework”,“Optimize the ecological system” and “Stimulating the internal power”,so as to help improving the situation and creating a better atmosphere of the cultivation and development of social enterprises.