The Study On The Regional Differences Of The Substantive Fairness Level Of China’s Basic Insurance System Of The Elder

At present,the pension issue has become one of the most important social issues today.It is the joint effort of our government,society and people to build a more just and sustainable basic pension insurance system.Although some remarkable achievements have been made in the development of China’s basic old-age insurance system,there are still many deficiencies,such as the fragmentation phenomenon coexisting with multiple systems,and the inequity of urban and rural dualism.The fairness of the system has a great negative impact,and also affects the construction of a harmonious socialist society in our country.Based on the above background,this paper first clarifies the connotation and necessity of substantial fairness,and further analyzes the current unfairness of basic old-age insurance system in China by processing economic census data,population census data and other relevant data.On this basis,the evaluation index system of the substantial fairness level of the basic old-age insurance system is constructed from four fairness dimensions,and the entropy method is used as the weighting method of this paper,and the regional data from 2016 to 2020 is used for calculation.The results show that country’s development of the substantial equity level of the basic old-age insurance system shows a fluctuating upward trend,but there are obvious regional differences.Subsequently,this paper uses the multiple linear regression model to conduct an empirical study on the influencing factors of regional differences in substantial equity,and finds that the elderly dependency ratio,per capital GDP,social security expenditure proportion,and urban population proportion have a significant impact on the actual equity level.Among them,the per capital GDP and the proportion of social security expenditures have a positive impact on the real equity level of the basic pension insurance,while the old-age dependency ratio and the urban population have a negative impact on the actual equity level of the basic pension insurance.This means that due to the differences in the economic level,population aging,and local financial support of the provinces,the differences in these factors will have certain impacts on the substantial fairness of China’s basic old-age insurance system.Last but not least,based on the empirical results and the current situation in China,the following suggestions are put forward to solve the problem of regional differences in the substantive fairness of China’s basic old-age insurance system.Firstly,coordinating the economic development of different regions,and macro-control the wage level in each region to reduce the economic development of various regions.Secondly,formulating a delayed retirement plan according to local conditions to ease the pension burden brought about by the aging population,promote the sustainable development of the basic pension insurance system,and increase the pension insurance participation rate of flexible employees in various provinces;thirdly,establishing a nationally coordinated basic old-age insurance system and a nationwide information management system to fundamentally reduce the unfairness of basic old-age insurance in China;fourthly,for people in rural and underdeveloped areas,through increased financial support and stable development of central adjustment Gold system to narrow regional differences.