Study On The Appropriate Scale And Suitability Zoning Of Farmland Management At The County Level In The Manas River Basin

The moderate scale operation of agricultural land is conducive to stable agricultural development,increasing the input of modern agricultural production factors,improving land use efficiency,and promoting agricultural efficiency and farm household income,which is an important choice for China in the context of the new normal of economic development and tightening resource and environmental constraints.Manas River Basin is the largest oasis farming area in Xinjiang and the fourth largest irrigated agricultural area in China,with abundant arable land resources,but at the same time,there are problems such as single structure of agricultural crop operation,scale of arable land operation cannot meet the demand of land for operation subjects,and mismatch between scale of arable land operation and resource endowment,leading to low income of farm households and stagnation of agricultural modernization process,therefore,in the comprehensive promotion of agricultural modernization development Therefore,in the context of comprehensively promoting the development of agricultural modernization,it is urgent to realize the scale operation of land,determine the "moderate" value of the scale operation,identify the obstacles to the realization of the scale operation,and divide the suitability zoning of farmland scale operation according to local conditions.Therefore,this study was conducted in Manas County in the Manas River Basin as the study area,with cotton,maize,winter wheat and processed tomatoes as the main crops grown by farmers in Manas County,based on field research data from 476 farming households.Firstly,the Translog production function was used to establish measurement models from input-output,production profit and production cost to analyze the effects of different operation scales on output,profit and cost,so as to determine the appropriate scale of operation for four crops in Manas County;secondly,a total of 16 indicators were selected from internal and external factors affecting farmers’ willingness to operate scale,and an evaluation index system was constructed to quantitatively analyze the factors affecting farmers’ willingness to operate scale by using factor analysis and logistic regression methods;Finally,taking 13 townships as evaluation units,the evaluation index system for the suitability of farmland scale management was constructed and the comprehensive evaluation value was measured based on the evaluation results of the comprehensive evaluation value,taking into account the suitable crops for farmland management and the ecological and economic function zoning of the Manas River basin,and finally four kinds of farmland scale management suitability zoning were divided,with the following main conclusions:(1)Economies of scale exist for all four crops of cotton,corn,winter wheat and processed tomatoes in Manas County,but the phenomenon of diminishing returns to scale in production exists for cotton and corn,increasing returns for winter wheat,and constant returns to scale for processed tomatoes.Under the multiple objectives of output and profit maximization and cost minimization,the moderate operation scale of cotton ranged from 100 to 130 mu,that of corn ranged from 90 to 120 mu,that of winter wheat ranged from 70 to 90 mu,and that of processed tomato ranged from 85 to 110 mu.(2)These factors showed significant positive effects on farmers’ willingness to expand their business scale,and significant negative effects on farmers’ willingness to reduce their scale,while actual farming plots operated by households and household transfer-in rent had significant negative effects on farmers’ willingness to expand their business scale and significant positive effects on farmers’ willingness to reduce their business scale.(3)Four types of zones are proposed for the suitability of agricultural land scale management,and the plot configuration of each zone is summarized: central alluvial fan edge zone-maize and tomato processing scale management demonstration zone,the plot configuration is in the form of swap and swap;northern desert and oasis interlaced zone-cotton scale management enhancement zone,the plot configuration is in the form of swap and swap and lease merge;southern low mountain valley zone-small-scale food crop ecological planting maintenance zone,the plot configuration is in the form of lease and merge;southern low mountain valley zone-small-scale food crop ecological planting maintenance zone,the plot configuration is in the form of lease and merge The alluvial fan front zone-winter wheat,corn scale management integrated expansion area,the plot configuration form is leasing mobile land and merging type;the southern low mountain wide valley area-small-scale food crop ecological planting maintenance area,the plot configuration form is leasing integrated type.The following countermeasures are proposed for farmers to achieve moderate scale of operation:(1)strengthen land transfer services to reduce land transfer costs;(2)improve agricultural production infrastructure construction to enhance the convenience of agricultural production;(3)carry out agricultural knowledge and technology training to improve farmers’ management ability;(4)strengthen land integration efforts to reduce land fragmentation;(5)implement agricultural policies to improve farmers’ production enthusiasm.