The Impact Of The Development Of Characteristic Industries In Southern Xinjiang On The Sustainable Livelihood Of Farmers

With the successful achievement of the overall goal of poverty eradication in China,the focus of the "three rural areas" has historically shifted to the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization.Rural areas rely on their resource advantages to develop special industries,and actively play the role of supporting rural talents to drive farmers to participate in the realization of income enrichment.However,the cultivation of special agricultural products is still not free from the limitations of traditional farming,which is easily disturbed by external conditions such as nature and society and has a strong livelihood vulnerability,and coupled with the limitation of farmers’ own quality,the comprehensive sustainable development level of farmers is still inadequate,especially in areas out of poverty.South Xinjiang is a special area coupled with oasis agricultural area,arid area,key ecological function area,relatively poor area and ethnic area,and was once one of the areas with the largest scale of population out of poverty and the latest time to remove the cap in China.The rural areas have been lifted out of poverty by relying on the development of special industries and the support of rural talents,but the local residents still have weak livelihood capital and are still in a disadvantaged position of relative poverty.Therefore,we focus on the effectiveness of rural industries in poverty-removing areas to help farmers,clarify the sustainable livelihood status of farmers and the influencing factors,and explore the role of rural talents.The research results can provide a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the government to formulate relative poverty support policies,which can help farmers achieve sustainable development and alleviate the gap between rich and poor,and are of great significance for consolidating the results of poverty eradication and comprehensively promoting the rural revitalization strategy in South Xinjiang and China.This article takes poverty-stricken farmers in southern Xinjiang who rely on characteristic industries as the research object,and based on the theory of sustainable livelihoods,attempts to construct a theoretical analysis framework of "industry driven talent empowerment sustainable livelihoods".Jiashi County,Kashgar Prefecture,southern Xinjiang is selected as the case study,and a sustainable livelihood indicator evaluation system is constructed based on local actual conditions.Use the entropy method to measure and calculate the weight of indicator combinations,thereby evaluating the livelihood status of characteristic industries and sample households.Construct a structural equation model and a moderating effect model to empirically analyze the key factors of farmers’ sustainable livelihoods,and explore the impact paths of characteristic industries,livelihood capital,and talent empowerment on farmers’ sustainable livelihoods.The research results indicate that:(1)The planting scale of characteristic industries is considerable,the brand market recognition is high,and the industrial driving and assistance effects are obvious.However,there are still limitations such as chaotic planting variety management,weak logistics and transportation construction,and single sales channels;The overall livelihood capital of farmers is low and unevenly distributed,and further development is needed.The order of livelihood capital is social capital(0.294)>human capital(0.222)>financial capital(0.213)>natural capital(0.151)>physical capital(0.120);The overall sustainable livelihood level of farmers is relatively high,with the highest proportion being the weight of stable income.(2)The development of characteristic industries does not directly affect the sustainable livelihood of farmers,but indirectly promotes the sustainable livelihood of farmers by adding some livelihood capital.The indirect impact of livelihood capital is human capital,natural capital,and physical capital in descending order.The mesomeric effect between social capital and financial capital has not been supported.Talent empowerment will strengthen the path relationship between characteristic industries and social capital,but it has not played a regulatory role in other paths.Finally,in response to the main findings,the following countermeasures are proposed: to promote the optimization and upgrading of special industries according to the characteristics of the development stage,to increase the publicity,to create a brand effect,and to strengthen the driving effect;to strengthen the construction of rural talents,especially to play the role of four types of talents,to help industrial development,and to fully empower farmers;to guide the industrial transformation of farmers,to increase livelihood capital,to optimize livelihood strategies,and to promote the sustainable development of farmers.