Study On The Characteristics And Governance Of Rural Relativepoverty In Rizhao,Shandong Province In The Post-Poverty-Alleviation Era

In 2020,China will complete the overall goal of removing poverty from the rural poor population under the current poverty standard,the problem of absolute rural poverty will be completely solved,and China will enter a new stage of relative poverty governance.With the in-depth promotion of rural revitalization strategy and the gradual increase of people’s demand for a better life,the single measure of relative poverty from income indexes no longer meets the needs of the times,and it is an inevitable choice in the post-poverty alleviation era to explore the factors causing poverty from multiple perspectives and alleviate relative poverty from multiple dimensions.The trend is to alleviate relative poverty from education and health.Rizhao City,Shandong Province,is a coastal area in southeast Shandong Province,with two districts and two counties under its jurisdiction.The two districts,Donggang District and Lanshan District,are typical coastal areas,while the two counties,Ju County and Wulian County,are less developed inland areas and belong to the old revolutionary area of Yimeng.Their rural areas can better represent the general characteristics of overall poverty in Shandong Province,therefore,taking the governance of rural relative poverty in Rizhao as an object of study,this paper summarizes the characteristics,dynamic identification and poverty reduction mechanisms of relative poverty in the region in the post-poverty era,and constructs a multi-dimensional poverty identification framework,identifying regional indicators of relative poverty characteristics,exploring the factors affecting relative poverty,and making corresponding recommendations to specific regions on poverty governance,so the study on the characteristics and governance of relative rural poverty in Rizhao City is of great practical significance to alleviate the relative poverty problem in Shandong Province and even in the whole country.The article used 381 farm household survey data in Rizhao city to construct a relative poverty index system including 12 indicators in five dimensions of income,education,health,living standard and property,and used the A-F method to measure relative poverty in rural areas of Rizhao city.The results show that the five indicators with higher incidence of unidimensional relative poverty in Rizhao are education and other indicators,and the incidence is higher than 25%,among which the highest incidence of education is 38.06%.Taking k=3 as the deprivation threshold of multidimensional relative poverty,the incidence of multidimensional relative poverty in Rizhao is 19.95%,and the contribution mainly comes from the indicators of income and property,among which the incidence of poverty in Donggang and Lanshan districts is lower than the incidence of poverty in Rizhao.Among them,Donggang District and Lanshan District have a low poverty incidence of about 10%,while Wulian County and Ju County have a poverty incidence of more than25%,with obvious differences in relative poverty areas.Further,using logit models,we found that education level,overall regional economy,and public resources had significant negative effects on relative poverty,while household burden and subsidies had significant positive effects on relative poverty,and age of household head and household size did not have significant effects on relative poverty.The heterogeneity analysis test results shows that the relative poverty in Donggang and Lanshan districts mainly originates from the nature of work and the increase of family burden,and is free from the level of human capital of the household head.Wulian and Ju counties,on the other hand,need to increase relative poverty management in all aspects,mainly by improving the level of human capital and increasing the endogenous motivation of farm households to alleviate relative poverty.In view of the fact that wage income in rural areas of Rizhao remains the main factor determining the living conditions of families,and the relative poverty in the areas of illness,disability and bachelor’s degree,we should improve existing measures to alleviate poverty in relation to poverty,In view of this,we should improve relative poverty alleviation measures,form a system of "helping the wisdom + helping the will",and build an extensive governance system with the participation of government,market and society.