Measurement Research Of Desert Ecological Compensation Value Based On The Environment Replacement Cost Method

The desert is one of the most important ecosystems on the earth. The function of desert which includes regulating water resources, carbon fixation and oxygen release, breaking wind and fixing sands, soil conservation, maintaining biodiversity etc. plays a vital role in human daily life. However, desert is a fragile ecosystem. Once desert is damaged, it is hard to recover this system. So people should develop and utilize desert with caution. With the rapid development, the scope of human activities is expanding, meanwhile, people also left their footprints in desert, which make the resource of desert was plundered and damaged In order to maintain balance of ecological environment and reduce pollution and destruction in the desert, human beings must carry out on the desert protection and restoration.At present, our country has adopted a series of means of laws, policies, economic and technical to control desert pollution and destruction. Ecological compensation, as a kind of economic method, is widely used in the desert governance, which aims to balance the benefit between communities in desert, prompts fair distribution of social wealth and realize the maximization of the ecological function of the desert. In recent years, though the quantitative study of the value of ecological compensation in China has made great progress, for the study of ecological compensation of desert, scholars in different fields have different starting points when they are studying related subject. Therefore, there are numbers of model about quantization the ecological compensation, although it is not unified them into a widely used and less restrictive method in general. In this study, author emphasized the importance of quantification the value for implement the mechanism for ecological compensation in desert at first, and compiled the literature at home and abroad involves the ecological compensation and the measurement of ecological compensation value. Next, this article introduced the ecological characteristics of the desert and the issue of ecological compensation value, and then put forward a measurement method which has wide application rage and less restrictive conditions accordingly called environmental replacement cost method.Environmental replacement cost method is a kind of measurement method for ecological compensation value, and it is seen as a cost which makes those damaged ecological environment restore to its original function. The measurement of ecological value compensation based on environmental replacement cost method includes three levels: firstly, the cost of recovery, is the price of making those damaged ecological environment restore(or purchase) to its original function by the technical methods; to costs; Secondly, the cost of maintenance costs, is mainly in order to maintain the ecological function after restoring; thirdly, the cost of strategic, is that giving up opportunities and development rights after the ecological function was damaged, which is also called opportunity cost. After constructing these three levels of cost, this paper selected the natural reserve area of Anxi extremely dry desert in Gansu province as a case, used the environmental replacement cost method to analysis the value of the ecological compensation from setting up this nature reserve area. Besides, this study calculated the value of the ecological compensation of natural reserve area of Anxi extremely dry desert,which also could indicate the feasibility of environmental replacement cost method from side.