| With the continuous development of economic globalization and the aggravation of resource and environment problems,the green development and innovation drive are put in a more prominent position on the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the medium and long-term environmental protection plans,along with a series of goals and tasks,are made and put forward.ecological innovation has become the principal choice for industrial enterprises to achieve sustainable development and improve innovation level.However,nowadays there are some phenomenons such as “high input,high energy consumption and low output” existing in the production of industrial enterprises,which increase the pressure and difficulty of environmental protection day by day,some inter-provincial problems of environmental pollution are more serious,and new environmental problems such as haze appear constantly.In addition,there are differences in resource endowment,regional characteristics,economic basis and industrial structure among provinces,which makes the gap in the ecological innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises between provinces.How to narrow the gap to achieve coordinated development has become one of the focus issues of the community.With the development of transportation,Internet and other infrastructure,the inter-provincial correlation has been gradually enhanced.In this case,if the ecological innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises considering spatial effects tends to converge,it undoubtedly provides a new way to narrow the gap between the ecological innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises between provinces.The process of ecological innovation of industrial enterprises is a multi-stage from scientific research and development to achievement transformation and multi factor input-output process.If these processes are ignored or regarded as a whole,which can not fully show the characteristics of industrial enterprises' ecological innovation activities,thus affecting the accuracy of the conclusions.Therefore,in the research process,first of all,based on the two-stage value chain perspective,the ecological innovation process is divided into technological research and development process and achievement transformation process.By combing the relevant literature and combining the development characteristics of industrial enterprises,the two-stage evaluation index system of the ecological innovation efficiency is constructed,and the two-stage input-output situation is analyzed.Secondly,taking 30 provinces as research units from 2011 to 2017,according to the division standard of eight economic regions of the development research center of the State Council,and extending to the whole country and eight economic regions,at the same time,combining with the super efficiency SBM model,Malmquist index,spatial statistical analysis method and spatial convergence model,this paper conducts an empirical study on the spatial-temporal differences and convergence characteristics of the ecological innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises.The results show:(1)The comprehensive efficiency of ecological innovation of industrial enterprises in China is growing at a relatively stable level,but the growth rate is relatively slow,averaging about 0.5% per year.The efficiency of technological research and development and the efficiency of achievement transformation are lower than the comprehensive efficiency,among which,the low efficiency of achievement transformation is the main reason for the loss of the comprehensive efficiency of ecological innovation in industrial enterprises.The ecological innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises in coastal comprehensive economic zone is in the forefront at all stages.Meanwhile,the efficiency of technological research and development in southwest and northwest comprehensive economic zone is higher than expected,second only to that in coastal area,but falling behind in the efficiency of achievement transformation.Although the gap of ecological innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises between provinces is gradually narrowing,it is still in an unbalanced development state.(2)The total factor productivity of ecological innovation of industrial enterprises decreases by 2.3% on average,mainly caused by the decline of technological progress index.The total factor productivity of ecological innovation of industrial enterprises in the eight economic zones is in a state of decline.There is still a big difference in the total factor productivity of ecological innovation of industrial enterprises between provinces,the fastest annual growth in Guangdong Province,the slowest growth in Hunan Province,and the largest decline is in Hebei Province.(3)There is a significant positive spatial correlation between the two-stage and the comprehensive efficiency of industrial enterprises' ecological innovation,which basically forms the agglomeration of the eastern coastal comprehensive economic zone with high efficiency value and the southern coastal comprehensive economic zone,as well as the agglomeration of the Northeast comprehensive economic zone with low efficiency value and the comprehensive economic zone in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.(4)There are absolute convergences in the two-stage and comprehensive efficiency of ecological innovation in industrial enterprise,among which the convergence speed of comprehensive efficiency is the fastest,the efficiency of technological research and development is the second,and the efficiency of achievement transformation is the slowest.After the introduction of control variables,the speed of conditional convergence is improved.The level of economic development,education and environmental protection investment promote the convergence of technological research and development of ecological innovation of industrial enterprises.However,industrial structure and government support are not conducive to the convergence of technological research and development and achievement transformation.In addition,opening up is conducive to the convergence of technological research and development and achievement transformation.Finally,according to the research results,suggestions are put forward from five aspects: overcoming the short board of ecological innovation,exerting regional advantages,making targeted development strategies for industrial enterprises,exerting the role of spatial spillover,strengthening inter-provincial communication and cooperation,paying attention to the driving role of different elements on the convergence of ecological innovation,and making differentiated policy system for the process of ecological innovation activities. |
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