Research On The Environmental Impact Assessment Of High-speed Rail And General Rail Based On LCA

In order to solve the convenience of the people in our country and promote the economic and cultural exchange and development more effectively,the construction of the high-speed railway infrastructure has been developed rapidly in recent years in China.At the same time,the construction of the general speed railway does not stop.The railway infrastructure to connect the two cities needs a series of arguments to choose the high-speed railway or the general speed railway construction,in addition to the technology,economy,society,politics,passenger flow,geographical conditions and the development of other industries.The influence is also a very important consideration.Although the advantages of high speed rail in terms of performance have been demonstrated,few studies have been done on the environmental impact,especially the environmental impact of the whole life cycle.Therefore,this paper adopts the life cycle assessment(LCA)method to study the environmental impact assessment of high speed rail and ordinary railway.According to the basic technical framework of LCA,this paper constructs the basic process structure in four parts:goal and scope,inventory analysis,impact evaluation and result interpretation.The life cycle of the two railway forms is divided into three stages,including raw material production stage,construction stage and operation stage.A reasonable calculation method is chosen to quantify energy consumption and emissions.The environmental impact types of railway are divided into the resource exhaustion,the influence of the solid waste environment,the influence of the atmosphere environment,the influence of the water environment and the ecological environment,and there are various quantitative and qualitative Environmental Impact Indexes under each kind of environmental impact type.This paper takes the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and Beijing Shanghai Universal Railway as an example,and the work includes:(1)the material and energy are collected for the material and energy consumed in the three stages of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the Beijing Shanghai universal life cycle.The construction stage is divided into bridges,tunnels,subgrade and rail according to the specific system division of railway.The four subsystems of the road are collected separately.After screening the data,we get the basic data of resource and energy consumption.(2)the basic data of resources and energy consumption collected by LCA professional software eBalance are calculated,and all kinds of environmental energy consumption and emission data of the three stages of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and Beijing Shanghai Universal Railway are obtained.(3)after the analysis of the environmental impact factors of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the Beijing Shanghai Universal Railway and the questionnaire of the experts,the environmental impact indexes of the high speed rail and the universal railway were determined,and the environmental impact index system(4)was established by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to determine the index weight,and the impact assessment(5)was carried out with the combination of quantitative and qualitative indicators(5).The result is explained and the improvement suggestion is given.(6)reviews the LCA method in the high iron and iron in the general application process,summed up the similarities and differences between the two sets of processes.