Theories And Methods Of Construction Planning For Ecological County

Sustainable development had been taken as nation's development strategy in China which was the largest developing country in the world,and the path of sustainable development explored positively which was suitable to the China's actual conditions to implement sustainable development.From 1996,the ecological demonstration area of county region had been applied to whole country.Ecological demonstration area was testified to be a comparatively successful approach for China to put into effect sustainable development.On the basis of ecological demonstration area's construction,ecological county construction had been put forward by National Bureau of Environmental Protection in 2003.The construction of ecological demonstration area was the initial stage for construction of ecological county,and the latter was continuous,developing and the finalist target to ecological demonstration area's construction.In order to guide to editor ecological county construction planning and promote the construction of ecological county,theories and methods of ecological county construction planning had been studied in this paper.The main contents were as follows:1.The new thoughts of ecologyThe natural characteristic,social characteristic,methodological characteristic,penetrating feature, and abunderful contents of 'eco-' from ecology had been studied.The natural characteristic was about the relationships between organisms and environment,the social characteristic was about relationships between organisms,human beings and environment,relationships between society, economy and environment,the methodological characteristic was about the relationships between things and things,which was methodology for human beings to know the world.The penetrating feature of ecology was about penetrating to science,fields,society,especially district by its theory, viewpoint,methods and technology,and ecological county,town of environmental beauty,ecological village were constructed.Ecological county was a 'social,economic,environmental' complex system.The abunderful contents of 'eco' from ecology was not only about original meanings of housing,dwelling,house,living conditions of organisms,the relationships between the organisms and environment,human beings and environment,human beings and human beings,human beings and society,but also harmony,health and diversity and methodology.2.The theory system of ecological county construction planningThe concept of ecological society and ecological social construction planning,ecological economy and ecological economic construction planning,ecological environment and ecological environmental construction planning,ecological civilization and ecological civilization construction planning had been put forward from ecological county.The differences between ecological society and traditional society,ecological economy and traditional economy,ecological environment and environment,ecological civilization and traditional civilization had been discussed.The guiding thoughts,basic displinary,planning targets,planning indices,planning procedures and planning contents had been studied for the theories of ecological social construction planning,ecological economic construction planning,ecological environmental construction planning and ecological civilization construction planning.The theory system of ecological county construction planning had been primarily set up.3.The method system of ecological county construction planningOn the basis of ecological footprint model of William Rees & Wackernagel,the ecological footprint assessment model of ecological county had been set up to distinguish and assess the sustainability of 'social,economic,and environmental' complex system.The calculation method of ecological footprint of environmental pollution,the carrying capacity from ecological service of environmental system,social and economic development,and scientific technology progress were put forward.Three kinds of planning modes had been systematically studied for ecological county.They were the trinity-transverse complex mode of 'social,economic,environmental' construction planning,the three class-lenthwise complex mode of 'ecological county,environmental beauty town,ecological village' construction planning and the dynamically-developing complex mode of 'ecological planning,ecological construction,ecological management'.And the concept,frame and contents of the modes had been put forward.The editoring methods and the main contents of ecological county construction planning had been put forward.There were about seven parts in the ecological county construction planning,which were planning general preface,recognition for 'social,economic,environmental'complex system, planning frame(planning area,planning targets,planning indices),three fields of society,economy and environment,the key construction projects,analysis and assessment on effiency of society,economy and environment and security measures of ecological county planning application had been put forward.The optimization methods of ecological county construction planning had been put forward.County regional 'social,economic,environmental' complex system dynamical simulation model,county regional 'social,economic,environmental'complex system multio-bjective optimization model,the industrial structure adjusting model,agricultural structure adjusting model and the tertiary industrial structure adjusting model were set up to get the optimization program of ecological county construction planning.4.Sustainable assessment on Wangcheng county 'social,economic,environmental' complex systemThe ecological footprint was calculated by 'social,economic,environmental' complex system footprint model in Wangcheng county in 2004,the social footprint,economic footprint,environmental footprint was espectivelyl.622893326,0.828442816,0.077114914 hm²/per cap.,the whole footprint was 2.528551459 hm²/per cap.,the resources footprint,energy footprint,pollution footprint were espectively 1.86423223,0.262449773,0.401773496 hm²/per cap.,and environmental pollution footprint was 15.89%of the whole footprint in Wangcheng county.The ecological carrying capacity was 1.271155189 hm²/per cap,environmental carrying capacity was 0.395065481 hm²/per cap., ecological service carrying capacity was 0.83658316 hm²/per cap.,and other ecological carrying capacity was 0.039506548 hm²/per cap.from social economic development and scientific techonogy. Ecological deficit was 1.25739627 hm²/per cap.,ecological carrying degree was 0.503,which was less zhan 1.The whole 'social,economic,environmental' complex system was not sustainable.5.Wangcheng county'social,economic,environmental'complex system simulation model, multi-objective optimization model and structure adjusting modelOn the basis of system dynamical simulation model,Wangcheng county'social,economic,environmental'complex system simulation model(WCCSEECSSM)was set up by Vensim language, according to the indices system of National Ecological County and the relationships among Wangcheng county'social,economic,environmental'complex system and sub-system,the results of retrospect quality checking and the sensitivity analysis were coincidence with actuality. WCCSEECSSM was strong enough to fit for the analysis of relationships among society,economy,environment in Wangcheng county.Wangcheng county'social,economic,environmental'complex system multi-objective optimization model,industrial structure adjusting model,agricultural structure adjusting model and tertiary industrial structure adjusting model were set up by Lingo language on the basis of linear planning model.6.The optimization program of Wangcheng ecological county construction planningThe results of running of Wangcheng county'social,economic,environmental'complex system multi-objective optimization model,industrial,agricultural and tertiary industrial structure adjusting model were put into Wangcheng county'social,economic,environmenttal'complex system simulation model.The results showed:The population would reach 0.8645 million people,GDP would be 32.468 billion yuan,industrial added value,agricultural added value,the added value of tertiary industry would be espectively 16.14,3.4,12.93 billion yuan.The stable capital value would be 21.28 billion yuan,population of tourist who came to Wangcheng county would reach 900 thousand people,the amounts of sewage treatment would be 50.2 thousand t/d.Romoval amounts of COD_cr,SO₂ would be 9738,17059 t/a.The industrial,the tertiary industrial and environmental protection investment would be espectively 20,29.4,1.8 billion yuan,the total amounts of foultry and beasts would be 2.00million in 2013.The population would reach 1.017 miltion people,GDP would be 70.153 billion yuan,industrial added value,agricultural added value,the added value of tertiary industry would be espectively 31.56,5.66,32.93 billion yuan.The stable capital value would be 63.87 billion yuan,population of tourist who came to Wangcheng county would reach 1.3 million people,the amounts of sewage treatment would be 141 thousand t/d.Romoval amounts of COD_cr,SO₂ would be 23315,39667t/a.The industrial,the tertiary industrial and environmental protection investment would be espectively 59.0,96.7,6.7 billin yuan.The total amounts of foultry and beasts would be 2.84 million in 2020.