Theorial Study On Sustainable Development With The Basin As The Basic Unit--Case Study For The Haihe River Basin

Sustainable development (SD) is the catchphrase in the world after the summit conference of environment and development in Rio de Janeiro of the Federative Republic of Brazil. However, there is a predicament of mass of mankind that the many factors straining SD could be perceived his considerable knowledge and skills, he doesn't understand the interrelationships between them and discern the optimal solution to the problematique, and thus is unable to devise effective responses. In fact, an excellent policymaker should act like a good physician treating his patient--ascertain the causes of a disease, suit the remedy to the illness, and thus the maximum cure rate should be achieved. In order to delve into SD with a basin as the basic unit, the degree of security, geniality, and prosperity of basinal SD were analyzed .to discerning the focal factors straining SD. In order to obtain the strategic portfolio during the different scenarios to provide a solid foundation for policy recommendations, desired results of implementation of diverse strategies are deduced by dynamic scenario analysis method in the diverse scenarios.After following the trace of human development, the predicament in modern society is analyzed and the historical origins and basic connotation of SD are presented. The understanding of river basin should be strengthened to study the issue of sustainable development by the analysis of the predicament of the implementation of sustainable development in the world. Basinal sustainable development is basin systems those designed and managed to fully contribute to the objectives of society, now and in the future, while maintaining their ecological, environmental, and hydrological integrity, and to upgrade the degree of security, geniality, and prosperity in a sequence according to the developmental stages. According to the analysis of the history of agricultural and industrial civilization, the five river basins dominated mainly the Chinese destiny. In 1997, seven major basins accounting for the 54 percent of the territory, owned the 73.9 percent of water resources and the 95.7 percent of cultivated land, support the 96.2 percent of the population, and created the 97.4 percent of gross domestic product. So we can believe that SD in the seven major basins is the essential prerequisite to Chinese sustainable development drive. In view of he above-mentioned reasons, sustainable development with the basin as the basic unit is presented in the dissertation. On the basis of the analysis of the necessity of sustainable development drive within the basinal unit, the tri-level hierarchical system is put forward to achieve the strategic objective of national sustainable development by the implementation of the action in the hierarchy of basin, region, and locality. The indicators of basinal sustainable development consisting of the three degrees of security, geniality, and prosperity, and eleven indices such as water-resources endowment is devised in the light of the explanation of the connation and principles.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the degrees of security, geniality, and prosperity of the Haihe Raver basin, .the four indices of the degree of prosperity of the basin surpassing average levels of the whole country is concluded to confirm the fact that the basin is the most prosperous basin in our country. The degree of geniality in the basin only approximates to the half of average level, and the quality of integrated environment is severe. The degree of security is low, however the situation of safety of water withdrawals and grain was improved because of the special significance and tremendous economy strength. Water resources shortage is the first restrictive factors of sustainable development, and the water pollution is the second ones. The focus of sustainable development in the Haihe River basin is to take great pains to solve the issue of the shortage of water resources.In order to deal with the shortage of water resources in the Haihe River basin in the next 30 years, the scenario a...