The Clinical Effcacy And Effective Of The Holmium: YAG Laser In Urology

First Ureteroscopic Holmium:YAG Laser Lithotripsy for Managing Urinary Tract CalculiPurpose:To evaluate the effectiveness and safty of ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laserlithotripsy for managing ureteral calculi.Material and Methods:Ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy was used in 168ureteral calculi (proximal 27 cases,middle 33 cases,distal 108 cases). Transurethralcystoscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy in 12 bladder calculi.Results:4—6weeks after operation,The stone-free rate was 92.6% (25/27 ) in the proximalureteral calculi,93.9% (31/33 ) in the middle ureteral calculi,94.4% (102/108) in the distalureteral calculi, respectively. The complication rate was 4.8%(8cases). the stone-free rate ofbladder calculi was 100% (12/12 ) , no complication. Conclusions:Ureteroscopicholmium:YAG laser lithotripsy is a highly effective and safe treatment modality formanaging ureteral calculi.The second Treatment of Ureteral Calculi: Comparison between Ureteroscopy with Holmium: YAG Laser Lithotripsy and ExtracorporealShock Wave LithotripsyPurpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of ureteroscopy with holmium:YAG laser lithotrinsv and extracorooreal shock wave lithotrinsv (ESWL)(Dornier svsterms) for ureteral calculi.Material and Methods: 168 cases were treated with ureteroscopy with holmium:YAG laserlithotripsy, including 76 cases calculi 1 cm or greater and 92 cases calculi less than 1 cm.334 cases were treated with ESWL, including 143 cases calculi 1cm or greater and 191cases calculi less than 1cm. Compared the operation- time, stone free rate and complicationrate of two groups.Results: Average operation- time of ureteroscopy with holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy for1cm or greater and less 1cm ureteral calculi was 58.4 and 43.2min respectively, it iwasshorter than operation- time 68.6 and56.7min of ESWL, p<0.01; The stone free rate after3 months in patients with 1 cm or greater stone was 92% for ureteroscopy withholmium:YAG laser lithotripsy. It was higher than 61% of ESWL, p<0.01. As for less 1cmureteral calculi, the stone free rate of holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy and ESWL was 95%and 85% respectively, p>0.05. The complication rate was 4.8% in the group ofureteroscopy with holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy (8 cases have complications), as forESWL there was no one has complications.Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that ureteroscopy with holmium:YAG laserlithotripsy for calculi 1 cm or greater is more effective than ESWL, but no diffeence for lessthan 1 cm the stone. ESWL should remain first line therapy for calculi less than 1cm.because of less complication and less anesthesia.The third Ureteroscopic holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy through minimal invasive percutaneous nephrostomy passage combinated withESWL for treating the complex renal stoneObjective:To evaluate the efficiency of ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy through minimal invasive percutaneous nephrostomy passage combinated with Extracorporal Shock Wave Lithotripsy(ESWL) in treating the complex renal stone. Methods:26 patients were treated by ureteroscopic holmiumrYAG laser lithotripsy throughminimal invasive percutaneous nephrostomy passage combinated with one or more ESWL.Results:Stone free rate was 73.1% after ureteroscopic holmiumrYAG laser lithotripsycombinated with one ESWL,84.6% combinated with two ESWL,88.5% combinated withthree ESWL.Conclusions: Ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy through minimal invasivepercutaneous nephrostomy passage combinated with one or more ESWL is an effective andsafe method for managing the complex renal stone.Key words: Renal stone; minimal invasive percutaneous nephrostomy; holmium:YAGlaser; ESWLThe fourth Ureteroscopic Holmium: YAG Laser for Managing Fibroepithelial Ureteral PolypsPurpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safty of ureteroscopic holmiumr:YAG laser formanaging fibroepithelial ureteral polyps.Material and Methods: Ureteroscopic holmiumrYAG laser was used in 14 fibroepithelialureteral polyps (proximal 10 cases,middle 2 cases,distal 2 cases.9 cases with ureteralcalculi).Results: The patients had been followed-up for three monthes postoperatively.12 cases withsatisfactory results, preserving the renal function.1 case ureteral struture,1 case residualcalculi.Conclusions: Ureteroscopic holmiumrYAG laser is a highly effective and safe treatmentmodality for managing fibroepithelial ureteral polyps. But long follow-up must berecommended.