Analysis On Vegetable Production Inputs Factors And Assessment Of Comprehensive Benefits Of Hebei Province

Hebei Province is a large province of vegetables in our country, the vegetable production by 2012 was 79021 thousand million tons, accounting for the year the country’s total yield of vegetable 10.75%, vegetable production in consecutive years among the national 2nd.Vegetable production plays an important role in promoting the rural economy and increase farmers’ income, at the same time, plays a great pressure on the ecological resources, especially the water resources. At the same time, production factors input, such as the fertilizer, pesticide and polluting plastics, while in the service of agricultural production, has played an impact on quality of vegetables, also has brought great pressure for the ecological environment.Modern agricultural production, including vegetables, must reasonable use and protection of resources, optimizing the ecological environment of the sustainable development of the road. To develop vegetable production inputs analysis and benefit evaluation, is the need of sustainable development of vegetable production, is the need of the strategic shift of vegetable industry development, to develop vegetable production inputs analysis and benefit evaluation, in the protection of agricultural ecological environment, improving people’s environment consciousness, vegetable quality and safety, promote the sustainable development of regional agriculture and vegetable production, etc have important theoretical and practical significance. This study on the sustainable development theory, and the theory of new value theory as a foundation, combined with a lot of yearbook data and field survey data, develop vegetable production inputs and benefit evaluation research, From cultivated land quantity, cultivated land quality and the level of cultivated land and finely analyzed the influence of the cultivated land resource of vegetable production, from the producers of water use, water saving irrigation facilities by analyzing the water resources of vegetable production, the influence of the dosage of fertilizer inputs, the structure of the fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, pesticides, agricultural inputs, agricultural use, production facilities, etc the analysis of the effect of material input for vegetable production, analysis from the aspects of labor quantity and quality of labor force effect on the vegetable production, with vegetables production and total factor productivity reflects the progress of science and technology influence on vegetable production, from three aspects economic, social, ecological scientific evaluation on the comprehensive benefit of vegetable production, the following main conclusions: the growth of vegetable production depends on the increase of planting area, cultivated land is the key factor to vegetable planting area. Ordinary farmers depend on their own land for production activities, a large(family farms) and professional cooperatives demand for cultivated land, cultivated land become restrict large(family farm) are the important factors of vegetable production. The current cultivated land quality needs to be improved, the decrease of the quality of the cultivated land, and serious problems such as soil harden, cultivated land quality will affect vegetable production and quality. Cultivated land and finely in vegetable production management and sales more serious influence on some aspects, such as, most manufacturers are limited to the cultivated land with finely problem. Vegetable producers while aware of irrigation by the deepening, and eat of the decline of the water, but because of irrigation in the charge of electricity, do not need to pay the water, so the producers to the problem of water saving is ignored, water saving technology adoption rate is low, a large(family farms) and professional cooperatives for water-saving irrigation efficiency saving, water saving irrigation, production technology requirements of subsidies, such as economic reasons, the use of water-saving facilities enthusiasm is higher. vegetable vegetable production facilities of production especially higher fertilizer inputs. Vegetable production in hebei province farmyard manure input is far below the national average per unit area, farmyard manure input in the vegetable production needs to increase. Facilities in Hebei province vegetables per unit area of fertilizer is higher. Vegetable producers,fertilizer inputs per unit area differences, and fertilization structure difference is bigger also. The most ordinary farmers fertilizer inputs per unit area, and low proportion of farm, farmers fertilizer usage behavior in the production of vegetables be regulated. Vegetable production especially, larger facilities vegetables production demand for pesticide producers only focus on the control effect of pesticide, the serious problem of safe drug use, rational drug use is low. Mulching films for vegetable production, especially the use of vegetable production facilities are important, but producers of residual membrane damage is a lack of enough attention and scientific knowledge, the residual film recycling importance remain to be improved. Facilities in hebei province vegetables per unit area yield is 1.14 times that of outdoor vegetable production facilities vegetables output per unit area was 1.99 times that of outdoor vegetable greenhouse vegetable net profit per unit area is 1.82 times that of the outdoor vegetable. Taken together, production facilities to improve the vegetable production yield and output value and profit all have significant effects. The labor quantity of vegetable growing area, planting varieties and planting patterns to affect the effect. Vegetables are labor-intensive products, higher artificial input means high cost, labor cost is the main component in the vegetable production costs, labor costs account for the cost of production is higher in vegetable production in hebei province. Vegetable production in a large number of labor demand makes most producers need workers to complete vegetable production. Under the background of the rising cost of manpower, number of family labor/employee expenses is most vegetables producers planting area of expansion, the choice of plant varieties, planting patterns. Choose fertilization structure problems as representatives to study the influence of the labor force quality of vegetable production, characteristics, from the producer to current income, long-term returns, spirit benefit cognitive environment five aspects and fertilization, selected 13 indicators measure estimates as explained variable. Results showed that the livestock for vegetable producers to improve the farmyard manure fertilization ratio has significant positive influence, vegetable farmers more reasonable to some kind of fertilizer price perception will improve this kind of fertilizer inputs, such as feeling of farmyard manure is a reasonable price, will increase the farmyard manure into, feel about fertilizer prices more reasonable, can increase fertilizer input, vegetable farmers to the attention of the cultivated land quality degradation degree, cultivated land protection consciousness, the understanding of the negative effects of fertilizers, scientific fertilization training has a significant positive effect on improve the proportion of farmyard manure application. The introduction of the concept of total factor productivity(TFP), uses the data envelopment analysis, selection of tomato, tomato and outdoor cucumber, cucumber, outdoor, outdoor bell pepper, eggplant outdoor, outdoor Chinese cabbage eight varieties of vegetables as the research object, choosing employment number per mu in the production of vegetables, fertilizer, leasing operating costs per acre, tools, materials and other material costs as input indicators, with main products of vegetable yield per acre as output variables, calculate the Malmquist index of vegetable production. From the calculation results show that from 2011 to 2013, vegetable production in hebei province comprehensive TFP fell by 0.3%, ranked 21 st in 30 areas in the country. Technical efficiency and technical progress are fell, fell by 1.1% and 1.6% respectively, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency also decreased by 0.5%. TFP in hebei province from the varieties, more than the national average of only tomato and outdoor pepper 2 varieties, outdoor ranks last cucumber cucumber and facilities. Hebei time as big provinces of vegetables, vegetable production technical efficiency level nationwide lack of advantage. Establish including target layer, system layer, and indicator variable layer three levels of vegetable production comprehensive benefit evaluation index system, on the basis of the opinions from relevant experts, using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) to index weight calculation, screening can reflect the comprehensive benefit of vegetable production of 12 indexes, including output, output value per unit area per unit area and per unit area net economic benefits, three indicators said accounts for the proportion of agricultural labor force in stimulating, output, output value accounted for the proportion of the agricultural production, using new technology and facilities to five vegetables development level index said social benefit, application situation, quantity fertilizer inputs, pesticide input and the using situation of water-saving facilities four indicators on behalf of the ecological benefits. On the basis of the index selection, using principal component analysis method to screen out principal component index are extracted, and the comprehensive benefits of vegetable production in hebei province in 2011-2013 were calculated, the comprehensive efficiency of vegetable production in 2011-2013 in hebei province comprehensive score of 107.87 points, including economic efficiency score of 9.66 points, social efficiency score is 94.32 points, ecological benefit score of 23.20 points, improve the economic benefits of vegetable production is the important goal for the future development of vegetables in hebei province. Finally, according to the analysis and the research conclusion, put forward the future development of vegetables in hebei province to realized to speed up from the growth pattern of agricultural production by the resource dependent to the dependent type transformation of science and technology, enhance the level of vegetable science and technology innovation; Build system of vegetable planting area of control, reasonable reduce vegetable planting area, pay more attention to the quality improvement of the vegetable industry, Suitable for local production standards, implementation of vegetable standardization production, accelerate the land circulation, to change the management; will intensify training of technical and management on vegetable producers, etc.