Study On Economic Growth Factors Analysis And Operation Efficiency Evaluation Of Development Zones In Shandong Province

Reviewing the development course of China’s development zones, development zones did play an important role in the sustained rapid economic growth over the30years of reform and opening-up. In Shandong province, development zones have gradually become the industry cluster district of local economic development and carrying on industry transfer, by efficiency allocation and clustering advanced production factors. And they also become the important supporting point of improving economic structure adjustment and coordinated development of regional economy, and the important innovation base of high-quality talents.Based on the analysis of the position and role of development zones in Shandong economic development, the three stages and characteristics of Shandong development zones are summarized. The development situation of Shandong development zones since2006to2010are analyzed. And the results show that, generally, the development trends are firstly increasing, then decreasing, and steady recovery followed. However, the risk of economic downturn has not completely removed.The analysis of driven factors of Shandong development zones economic growth. Based on C-D production function, the development zones economic growth factor analysis models are developed. Then analyze the economic growth factors of Shandong development zones and calculate the factors contribution from four different points of views, which include regional, administrative divisions, development zones’ level, and the Shandong peninsular blue economic zones, while the regression models are estimated by using Eviews6.0software. The results show that, among the regression models of different types of development zones, the output elasticity coefficient of capital and labor are all positive to the economic growth of development zones, and the higher output elasticity coefficient of labor, comparing to the one of capital, shows the labor intensive growth of development zones. Moreover, for most development zones, the sum of capital and labor output elasticity coefficients isobviously larger than1, which shows that increasing returns to scale do exist in development zones.The contribution analysis of driven factors of Shandong development zones economic growth. The factors contribution of development zones economic growth are calculated and analyzed by applying Solow residual value method from different point of views. The results show that, generally speaking, capital and labor have great contribution to the economic growth of development zones; however the contributions of total factor productivity are lower. To achieve higher efficiency and adjust industry and product structure, development zones should enhance the technical level and the driven effect of other factors.The assessment of Shandong development zones operation efficiency. The operational efficiency index which include total factor productivity change (tfpch), technical change (techch), efficiency change (effch), pure technical efficiency change(pech) and scale efficiency change (sech) are calculated, and the spatial and temporal characteristics are analyzed by applying DEA-malmquist index and ArcGIS software. The results show that, the operation efficiency of most Shandong development zones has improved to various degrees; and the changing shape of different operation efficiencies during2006-2010are quite different.Finally, it is proposed that scientific management and specific guidance should be applied for different type of development zones, as well as increasing communication and cooperation between different development zones, industry structural adjustment, improving development zones’scale, enhancing human resource training system, and improving innovation environment. The following measures are including.(1) To speed up the industrial transfer and transformation, enhance cooperation and correlative development between eastern and western development zones, boost the middle area development zones to emerged victorious in the province, and promote the balanced regional development of Shandong development zones.(2) Greatly push forward the development of county level development zones, cultivate characteristic industrial clusters of development zones, and speed up the implementation of docking driven strategy between development zones and key areas.(3) Greatly improve the staggered development of different level development zones, make best use of the advantages and bypass the disadvantages, give full play to the resource advantage of national level and provincial level development zones, avoid industrial structural convergence among different level and different type development zones, realize the changing of the mode of economic development, economic structure, and economic growth driven force of development zones. Especially, the development zones within the blue Shandong peninsula economic zone should be top priority, improve cluster development of high level marine industry, and speed up the development of marine high-tech industry.