Study On Mechanization Production Pattern And Efficiency Of Rice-wheat Double Cropping In Jiangsu Province

Jiangsu province is one of the major grain production regions in China. Rice-wheat double-cropping is the most popular production mode of cereal in this area.The production mechanization level is relatively good, but the production efficiency is not clearly on rice-wheat mechanized production patterns. However, there was few studies on efficiency from perspectives of the mechanization production patterns, and that leaded to lack guidance for selection rice-wheat mechanization production patterns.This paper based on475questionnaires and data of field experiments from2011to2013in rice-w heat double cropping regions of Jiangsu province. DEA-Tobit Two-stage Method was adopted to explore the technical efficiency changes of rice-wheat mechanization production patterns in different output targets. Several of allocation efficiency with the different cultivated scale of mechanization production patterns were studied. The affected factors on the technical efficiency and allocation efficiency were analyzed and proposed the ways for enhancement the efficiency. Those studies meet the requirements of sustainable agricultural production, and there were great significance for theoretical and practical. The main research contents and conclusions were as follows:(1) In this paper, a conceptual model of rice-wheat mechanization production patterns was built, which based on different organization and technical mechanized models. According to the classification and summary of investigate, there are24rice-wheat mechanization production patterns in Jiangsu province. And it was compared with Japanese and Korean’s rice-wheat mechanization production patterns. The results showed the potential for further development of mechanization production in Jiangsu province.(2) Based on different output targets, the variation of the technical efficiency and rice-wheat mechanization production patterns, the results showed that technical efficiency is impacted by organizational models and technology models. The results showed that the high efficiency was significantly on the quantity mechanization level of the technical modes with the same organization modes. On the aim of income, the high efficiency was served by the organization modes as family farm, agricultural machinery cooperatives and agricultural enterprise in the same technical modes. In addition, on the aim of yield production, in the same technical modes, the high efficiency was served by organization modes of their own farmland as family farm, agricultural machinery cooperatives and agricultural enterprise. The efficiency of mechanization production patterns was related to six influence factors as follows:the proportion of financial subsidy in total investment, the proportion of large-scale farmland and labor’s educational degree were positive factors to efficiency for each mechanized production pattern. The agricultural machinery power per labor, original value per agricultural machinery, and planting area per labor had positive and negative effect to the different mechanization production patterns.(3) The variation of allocation efficiency and rice-wheat mechanization production patterns in the different land management scale was obtained as follows:Within the research datas of land scale range, the allocation efficiency varied with the increased land scale of mechanization production pattern in some processes operated by individual farmer. The "M type" changes trend appeared between the allocation efficiency and the land scale increased of the organization modes as agricultural enterprise agricultural machinery cooperatives and family farm. An inverse "U type" relationship appeared between the allocation efficiency and the land scale increased of the organization modes as agricultural enterprise agricultural machinery cooperatives and family farm. The higher allocation efficiency was in the higher level of mechanization technology models at the larger land scale. The allocation efficiency of mechanization production patterns was related to four influence factors as follows:the proportion of large-scale farmland, commodity rate and labor’s educational degree were positive factors to allocation efficiency in each mechanized production pattern. The proportion of financial subsidy in total investment was positive and negative to the different mechanization production patterns.(4) In order to increase the efficiency, rice-wheat mechanization production patterns can be selected as follows:From macro perspective of the goal of food production, the organization modes of family farm, agricultural machinery cooperatives and enterprise for their own farmland, and the technical modes are higher level of mechanization can be chosen. From the microscopic producer perspective of the aim of income, the higher level of mechanized technology mode which served by agricultural machinery cooperatives and enterprises can be selected. A balance between food production and economic should be considered to guide the appropriate scale for the allocation of resources. And the rice-wheat mechanization production patterns can be optimized by improving agricultural facilities, enhancing the quality of workers and establishing natural disaster prevention mechanisms to increase production efficiency.In order to improve the efficiency of rice-wheat mechanization production, the study made comprehensive analysis from macro-view, medium-view and micro-view to give excellent selection and optimization for rice-wheat mechanization production pattern. In addition, this paper put forward adjusting suggestions on environmental impact factors. It has a great meaning to improve the comprehensive productivity of mechanized production for ensuring food security, and provide the reference for selecting and optimizing the appropriate rice-wheat mechanization production patterns.