Study On Impact Of Non-tariff Measures On China’s Poultry Meat Export

With the deepening of trade liberalization and the rising of the multilateral trading system, inparticular the significant progress the end of the Uruguay Round gained market access in1994，tarifflevels greatly reduced worldwide, the limiting function of tariff barirers more subdued. At the sametime，under the WTO rfamework, many non-tariff measures have been gradually standardized. However,due to lack of standard of behavior and concealment，non-tariff measures are diiffcult to quantiyf andused as the tool of trade protection by the more and more countries. Poultry export that China hascomparative advantage faced with serious influence because of non-tairff measures of impotrers. Thespeciifc contetns are as follows:(1) The status of china’s poultry export and encounting non-tariffmeasures；(2)The judgement of non-tariff measures of china’s poultry export encounting whether tradeprotection or not；(3)The impact of non-tariff measures on china poultry trade flows;(4) The impact ofnon-tariff measures on welfare of china’s poultry export.Based on the statistical analysis of china’s poutry export, the result shows that as poultry-producing countires, the product structure and regional structure of china’s poutry export haveundergone great changes: the rfesh and rfozen poultry export decreased and the poultry export to theEU and Japan decreased due to the implementation of the importing country. Technical barriers to trade(TBT) and sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPS) are the main non-tariff measures faced byChina’s poultry exports.Protective index of non-tariff measures of poultry in the major countires is calculated based onstatistical data of MRL database and WITS database. China’s main export destination countries orregions such as Japan, South Africa, Singapore and other countries have shown a higher protectionindex. It indicates that non-tariff measures belong to trade protection.Using the panel data, the trade effect are calculated the impact of non-tairff measures on Chinesepoultry exports by gravity model. The impact of non-tariff measures on Trade lfows is analyzed byselecting standard itself (veteirnary drug MRLs) and virtual vairables as indicators of non-tairffmeasures; long-term effects and short-term effects of non-tariff measures on trade is analyzed byselecting the number of notifications as indicators of non-tariff measures. Conclusion show that themore stringent non-tariff measures of importing countires, fewer Chinese poultry exports; From adynamic point of view, non-tariff measures would deter export of Chinese poultry meat in the shortterm but promote the export of Chinese poultry in the long run.Using time series data, Partial equilibrium model is used to calculate the tariff equivalents andwelfare changes of non-tariff measures as an example of China-Japanese’ trade poultry.The resultsshow that tariff equivalents is quite different because of the different imports and different measures indifferent years. Meanwhile, the parameters of the elasticity of substitution and domestic productspreference has a signiifcant impact on the tariff equivalents.The implementation of non-tariff measureswould lead to the welfare loss in Japan. Based on the above conclusion, the following suggestions were proposed: regulations andstandards of poultry roudutcts need to be improved, traceability system of poultry product should beestablished, the "free areas" need standardize speedly, tracking system should be built for poultry exportpartners, information exchange and technical cooperation should to enhance with foreign countires.