A Study On Traffic Geography Of Shanxi In The Ming And Qing Dynasties

"National prosperity,Local Development and People’s lives are important relationships with the smooth flow of traffic and congestion."(Yan Geng-wang, one academic worked in Hong Kong) Since ancient times,Traffic road has played an important role in the country’s political, economic and military life.In this paper, Yizhan Road and Jidipu Road of Shanxi Ming and Qing Dynasties as the main object of study in order to "Huan yu tong qu", Chenghua and Guangxu"Shanxi Tongzhi" as the basic historical data, combined with the official history, local history, notes, books and other providers data recovery the Yizhan Road and Jidipu Road of Shanxi Ming and Qing Dynasties,combined with the natural geographical and social environment of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Shanxi, Shanxi preliminary analysis of the characteristics of the road.In article, the basic trend of Yizhan Road and Jidipu Road affected by the natural environment is not easy to change. Roads and paving the main factors causing the line to change the social factors. Roads pattern of evolution mainly affected by large changes in the social environment, such as the migration of capital of the Ming Dynasty,Mongolian and Chinese military confrontation between the imperial control of the border areas. Different times, different national needs, social needs, the flow of information carried by Roads, material flow, personnel flow will change over time.So, the pattern of evolution of Shanxi Yizhan Road Ming and Qing Dynasties, more importance is reflected in the Roads this up he fall, rather than the route of migration. In Qing Dynasty,the division of Yizhan’s " chong and pi" reflects the flow of information carried by road, material flow, the amount of personnel as well as the importance of the flow of the Yizhan Road in the central government, is an important manifestation of the Roads pattern. Paving places administrative center hub of all levels, paving the way for the formation of the different levels of the network. Limited administrative relationship, showing strong stability, regional, hierarchical and closed. Compared with the Ming Dynasty, Jidipu Road of Shanxi in Qing Dynasty, is more intensive than the Ming Dynasty, which reflects the enhanced linkages between regions. On the basis of the recovery Yizhan Road and Jidipu Road on the combination of the natural and social environment of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Shanxi, preliminary analysis of the geographical features of the traffic of Shanxi. It is a natural link between Yizhan Road and rivers. In the basin of Shanxi significant roads with natural basin."Amphibious parallel" is the basic characteristics of the road in Shanxi, and important characterize of the basinof road in shanxi; natural conditions to determine the path of Shanxi, and changes in the social environment is an important factor causing the traffic pattern of evolution of Shanxi. Under natural conditions and social needs of the dual role, roads Shanxi region showing a multi-channel parallel each other primary and secondary characteristics. The road layout features appear, the paper attributed to the following three reasons:(1) the constraints of the natural environment; road conditions and socio-economic situation and (2) the road’s decisive factor is the choice of the people on the road;(3) the development of social process, the way the natural division of labor.All in all, Ming and Qing Dynasties, road layout in Shanxi influenced by both the natural environment and social environment.Roads and paving the road transport system as officials, to set up and run their country will inevitably be affected by the demand and the social environment. Under the influence of natural conditions, Shanxi road showing the characteristics of the main north-south direction, and therefore, to the north-south road extending its natural features. But no matter how changes in the social environment, road to the south of Shanxi remain unchanged, which reflects precisely, this natural topography factors fundamental role in the formation of the road. This is precisely reflects, topography factors are the fundamental role in the formation of the road. Therefore, traffic as a phenomenon of human geography, the natural environment is the foundation, the need is the fundamental, that is the so-called "Rise and Fall of the personnel, mountains and empty terrain." The formation and expansion of roads reflects more the reality of human needs based on maximum use of nature.