Study On Tourism Accurate Poverty Alleviation

Poverty is still a worldwide difficult problem to be resolved with the human development. With the rapid development of world tourism, tourism plays an important role in driving regional economic development and alleviating poverty, and has become one of the important forms of anti-poverty in the world. In order to exploit the potentialities of the tourism in anti-poverty, both researchers and practitioners at home and abroad have been committed to explore ways of combining tourism and anti-poverty in recent decades. However, compared with tourism and poverty alleviation research, the importance and effects of anti-poverty, and the problems arising from the practice, the researches on tourism poverty alleviation are still less than the need, especially in terms of how to realize the benefit of the poor, that is obvious in China. Limited by the background of poverty alleviation, tourism poverty alleviation in China aimed to regional economic development and ignored the interests of the poor for a long time, which caused the goal deviation and low precision of tourism poverty alleviation. Under the background of the implementation of accurate poverty alleviation, how to accurately apply to the practice of tourism poverty alleviation, and achieve the goal of "helping the real poor" and "really alleviating poverty" for the tourism poverty alleviation becomes a problem that needs to be solved immediately.In view of that, this paper hopes to elaborate "why should study tourism accurate poverty alleviation (TAPA)?","what is TAPA?", and "how to implement TAPA?" and providing some references to tourism poverty alleviation practices in our country. Following the research train of "questions asking-problem analyzing-problem solving",based on the system theory, the circular and cumulative causation theory, scientific development view theory, comparative advantage theory and social capital theory as the main theoretical support and using case study method, normative research method, idea-type research method, comparative analysis method and gray relational analysis method, this paper analyzes the tourism poverty alleviation development and research status at home and abroad, expounds the relevant theories of TAPA, puts forward the concept of TAPA, and elaborates the elements of TAPA from the implication, function (meaning), contents, subject and measures. Based on that, it analyzes the experiences of tourism poverty alleviation cases at home and abroad, and takes the.Wu Meng Mountain area as an example for the TAPA of empirical research.This paper shows that TAPA takes "helping the real poor" and "really alleviating poverty" as the goal, which is a new way of tourism poverty alleviation. TAPA is a dynamic organic system, which is made up by tourism poverty alleviation accurate identification, tourism poverty alleviation accurate support and tourist poverty alleviation accurate management. Accurate identification is the precondition of TAPA. Accurate support is the key to TAPA. Accurate management is the guarantee of TAPA. TAPA depends on the three aspects above to achieve the goal.This paper consists of six parts. The main contents are as follows:The first part is the chapter1. The research significance, research source, research background, research status, research contents, innovative points and research methods are presented briefly.The second part is chapter2. It formulates the theory basis of TAPA from three aspects. Research shows that TAPA takes "helping the real poor" and "really alleviating poverty" as the goal, takes the system theory, the circular and cumulative causation theory, scientific development view theory, comparative advantage theory and social capital theory as the main theoretical support. It is connected to tourism poverty alleviation, pro-poor tourism (PPT) and sustainable tourism-eliminating poverty (ST-EP), but there are obvious differences between them. It is a new way of tourism poverty alleviation, with its own characteristics and running mechanism.The third part is the chapter3. Some case studies have been done to get some experiences for TAPA at home and abroad. Although there is not a perfect case about TAPA presented, there are many experiences can be used for reference from those cases, such as accurately positioning potential tourism development, and accurately positioning tourism poverty alleviation objects, targets and ways; clearing tourism poverty alleviation supporting subjects, contents and measures; strengthening the supervision and management of tourism poverty alleviation, and so on.The fourth part includes the chapter4, the chapter5and the chapter6. The Chapter4analyzes the tourism poverty alleviation accurate identification. This chapter displays that accurate identification is the foundation of the TAPA and it can make the works more effective. The subjects of tourism poverty alleviation accurate identification usually include government, poor people, enterprises, non-governmental organizations and the social public, and its contents should include tourism poverty alleviation development condition identification, tourism poverty alleviation projects identification and tourism poverty alleviation target group identification. Meanwhile, tourism poverty alleviation accurate identification should follow the comparative advantage and the poor first. In order to identify the target groups and projects of tourism poverty alleviation, we can establish "RHB" framework and model of "willingness-ability" and introduce the market screening mechanism.Chapter5analyzes the tourism poverty alleviation accurate support. It shows that the tourism poverty alleviation accurate support is the key to TAPA, and it is the key of improving the abilities of the poor and the conditions of poor area tourism development and achieving the goal. In order to get accurate support, a diversified supporting system which includes the regional level, community level and individual level of tourism poverty alleviation support system, is necessary according to the needs of tourism poverty alleviation practices.Chapter6analyzes the tourism poverty alleviation accurate management. The tourism poverty alleviation accurate management is the guarantee of PATA. It can ensure the system of PATA running efficiently. The government, the poor, the other devotees of tourism poverty alleviation resources and the social public constitute carry out tourism poverty alleviation accurate management, including the process of tourism poverty alleviation, the elements of tourism poverty alleviation and the effect of tourism poverty alleviation. It suggests that a management system, a coordination mechanism and a dynamic monitoring mechanism should be established.The fifth part is the chapter7. This part is a part of empirical study on the TAPA in Wu Meng Mountain area. Wu Meng Mountain area has the potential advantages for the development of tourism industry, so does the tourism poverty alleviation. Some achievements have been gotten in tourism poverty alleviation, but there is still a long distance between TAPA. Therefore, it should establish a dynamic mechanism for tourism poverty alleviation target groups and projects identification, establish the tourism poverty alleviation support system, increase tourism poverty alleviation support, improve the tourism poverty alleviation support targeted, establish cross-regional diverse coordination agency and strengthen the supervision of tourism poverty alleviation.The sixth part is the chapter8. It gives some conclusions of this paper and discusses some key statements and future research directions.