| Since the national strategy of sustainable development in late 20th century, especially the Eighteenth National Congress has enhanced ecological civilization construction to prominence, various regions of China has made some great achievements based on their own conditions, through the transformation of development mode, the adjustment of industrial structure, the changes in consumption patterns and efforts to implement energy conservation and emission reduction. However, to increase the level of nationwide ecological civilization construction, and comprehensively improve the quality and efficiency of China’s economic and social development, it is necessary to evaluate the ecological civilization construction level of each regions rationally, so as to explore their developing achievements and shortcomings, to identify problems, and to provide a reference guide for the next phase of work. Ecological civilization construction involves a wide range and many problems, of which the resources and environmental problem becomes a main intervention factor. Only objectively and comprehensively understanding the causes of current situation in resources and environment problems, scientifically identifying the differences of resources and environmental problems between different regions, can make the ecological civilization evaluation of different regions, with different natural properties and development characteristics, become more real, objective and reasonable. By this means, it is more intuitive to identify the deficiencies and weaknesses in regional development construction process, so as to promote comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of regional ecological civilization construction.Currently, the extensive economic growth model, with high consumption, high pollution and low efficiency, has done great harm to natural environment and the ecosystem, such as rivers drying up, haze infestation, garbage siege, water pollution and other sequelae caused by extensive growth mode. These problems have threatened people’s lives, livelihood and production seriously in many regions. Changing the way to development has been urgent. Establish evaluation index system of ecological civilization construction is the most effective means to quantify the level of ecological civilization construction and also a necessary work to meet the leadership needs and social needs. Construction of ecological civilization is a dynamic, integrated social practice, we can’t simply put the construction of ecological civilization on the theoretical level, but to take it into concrete practice, to pull the beautiful blueprint of ecological civilization closer to real social practice. Therefore, we must quantify the key tasks of ecological civilization construction to make the outcome tangible, so that we can combine it with concrete practice of economic work, constantly making scientific theories expand into reality gradually. In the process of building evaluation system of ecological civilization, through the analysis of regional differences of resources and environmental problems, we can construct a more objective and scientific index system suitable for different regions. By measuring the results of ecological civilization construction development in different regions for objective evaluation, from "clarifying the issue", "concerning the progress" to "promoting improvement",transforming the concept into practical measurement, with measurable index instead of single GDP growth evaluation criteria, encouraging a developing way of green, low-carbon and circulation, we can observe present situation, performance and issues of our ecological civilization construction in a specific and comparable way.Firstly, based on the integration of current research results, according to the specific requirements from Eighteenth National Congress about the construction of ecological civilization, for different areas of environment, economic development characteristics, we intensively focus on energy saving and resource utilization, environmental protection, Land space layout optimization, ecological civilization construction system. And with reference to scientific, completeness, balance and coordination, regional and operability unique principle, we set up index system of ecological civilization construction suitable for various regions, which provide a theory and method reference to carry out the evaluation of ecological civilization. Then, using provincial evaluation index system of ecological civilization, we adopt the dynamic factor analysis to calculate static and dynamic composite scores of China’s 31 provinces in 2003-2012, from four levels as the layout of the land and space, the intensive use of resources and energy saving, environmental protection, ecological civilization construction system and otherwise an overall level known as level of ecological civilization. Then we use the results as panel data, adopting spatial autocorrelation method to analyze horizontal spatial distribution and evolution pattern of ecological civilization, and the evaluation results are basically consistent with the common perception. Finally, from two dimensions, establishing and improving ecological civilization evaluation system and promoting the ecological civilization construction of China, we propose relevant policy recommendations.The thesis contains eight chapters. Each chapter tries to be reasonably linked with the others. The overall contents include:The first chapter, Introduction. This chapter is expanded description of the background, significance and methods, and then through a lot of literature on relevant research ecological civilization evaluation system at home and abroad were reviewed, describing the status of research progress and ecological civilization evaluation. Finally, the thesis presents the writing ideas and framework of the paper, as well as major innovations of the paper.The second chapter, aimed at the definition of ecological civilization, scientific connotation, the essential characteristics, build paths and comprehensive evaluation of existing ecological civilization studies, gives a summary and discussion in deep. On the basis of theoretical research, we put forward a series specific requirements about the directions of ecological civilization development and ecological civilization construction work. This chapter begins with the scientific connotation based on the analysis of ecological civilization. Namely from the development process of ecological civilization and definition of ecological civilization, and from the specification of Eighteenth National Congress and Third Plenary Session of Eighteen, we make an analysis and define the key point and specific requirements of ecological civilization construction and evaluation. Respectively, it concludes the implementation of national spatial pattern optimization, strengthening ecological protection and restoration work, increasing environmental protection and governance efforts to promote the protection and conservation of natural resources use, establishing and improving the institutional system of ecological civilization aspects. And on this basis, we can establish a complete working system, evaluation system and ensuring system, so that the ecological civilization construction becomes normalized, monitored and institutionalized.The third chapter, at this stage a series of resource issues during the process of resource developing and utilizing has become one of the major constraints in the process of ecological civilization construction in our country. Resources as a common carrier of economic development and the construction of ecological civilization, the problems will also become more prominent in the form of regions will also be different. Regional differences in the status of resources to sort out the problem, explore the deep-seated causes of the differences appear, is to build awareness of the value of ecological civilization foundation. Our resources to deal with problems and regional differences in characteristics of systems analysis, in order to provide a reference for the evaluation of ecological civilization construction and design for different regions based on evaluation index system. Select the water issues in this chapter, forest resources, land resources, energy issues several key aspects of the system of combing analysis, and from resource endowments, factor mobility, resource efficiency and other aspects discussed the reasons for regional differences in resources generated resource issues related to the choice of indicators for each region to provide a theoretical basis for later. Finally, in the process of building regional and evaluation system of the eastern, central and western provincial ecological civilization must sub regional planning priorities, according to their own realities, select evaluation dimensions of ecological civilization construction and specific targets. Thus, in order to make the regional resources evaluation results more objective, scientific and reasonable.The fourth chapter in the economic development process, due to insufficient attention to the selection of scientific and rational development model, they use a low-level, low efficiency of the extensive mode of operation, triggering a series of environmental problems, seriously affecting the improvement of people’s quality of life. Pollutant emissions are the major pollutant emissions exceed environmental capacity; ecological overall worsening trend has not been effectively curbed, soil erosion, desertification, and grassland degradation highlight the negative effects of these issues on the development of our economy and society brought growing. Clarify the status of regional differences in environmental issues, to explore the deep-seated causes of the differences appear, is to build awareness of the value of ecological civilization foundation. Deal with China’s environmental problems and regional differences in characteristics of systems analysis, in order to provide a reference for the evaluation of ecological civilization construction and design for different regions based on evaluation index system. This chapter select water pollution, air pollution, environmental pollution several other major aspects of the carding system analysis, and discusses regional differences environmental problems from the economic development model, regional industrial structure, their characteristics and regional level of technological development of regional ecosystems causes, environmental issues related to the choice of indicators for each region to provide a theoretical basis for later. Finally, in the process of building regional and evaluation system of the eastern, central and western provincial ecological civilization must sub regional planning priorities, according to their own realities, select evaluation dimensions of ecological civilization construction and specific targets. Thus, in order to make the evaluation of the regional environmental problems result more objective, scientific and reasonable.The fifth chapter, building ecological civilization evaluation index system must be based on existing systems and implementation methods, and inherit common indicators and specific practices of existing research, based on previous studies to continuously improve and innovate, so that we can make existing scientific research results more objective and reasonable. This chapter first create guidelines for ecological provinces (cities, districts and counties), model environmental city guide, two-oriented society guidelines, ecological civilization (town) index system, Guiyang City index system construction of ecological civilization, "Chinese provinces of ecological civilization Level Report "(ECI) has combed and analysis system, and the results of previous studies that appear in the index were frequency analysis, the indicator selection process focuses on key indicators to consider. Then clear objective problem building evaluation system of ecological civilization and try to be creative to make the proposed evaluation system to improve the ecological civilization. On this basis, the evaluation index system of ecological civilization construction principles under the guidance of regional differences were constructed considering the evaluation index system of ecological civilization (evaluation system of ecological civilization construction in eastern, central region of civilization ecological evaluation system, the western region of ecological civilization construction evaluation index system, evaluation system Provincial ecological civilization) and consider the function of city size city evaluation index system of ecological civilization (building evaluation system of ecological civilization large cities, small cities evaluation index system of ecological civilization, resource-based urban ecological civilization Evaluation Index System). Where the index dimensions eastern and central regions selected for:intensive use of resources and energy saving, environmental protection, economic and social development, the implementation of green management systems; dimension western region selection for:ecological security, resource security, ecological and economic and social development, green management system is implemented; evaluation dimensions Provincial ecological civilization choice for:intensive use of resources and energy saving, environmental protection, land space development pattern optimization, system construction of ecological civilization; large cities selected for evaluation dimensions:living space, ecological space, production space, system security; small cities selected for evaluation dimensions:the production of space and ecological space, living space, system security; resource-based cities selected for evaluation dimensions:resource protection, environmental protection, industrial restructuring, improving people’s livelihood. Area for different types of regions, cities of different sizes in different functional evaluation of ecological civilization theory and methods to provide a reference.The sixth chapter, this chapter begins at summarizing and analyzing strengths and weaknesses of the existing evaluation model and evaluation methods of ecological civilization, and selects ecological civilization index evaluation method as the evaluation method of this chapter, using dynamic factor analysis to optimize the layout of the land space, intensive use of resources and energy saving, environmental protection, ecological civilization construction of four grading system level and the overall level of ecological civilization development to calculate static and dynamic composite scores of China’s 31 provinces in 2003-2012. Then we use the results as panel data, adopting spatial autocorrelation method to analyze horizontal spatial distribution and evolution pattern of ecological civilization. By analyzing the convergence of regional development trend of ecological civilization, it shows that the country’s development tend to be steadily converged, central and western regions of are especially significant. Among the large cities we choose Wuhan as an example, using GRA-TOPSIS evaluation method, and calculate the basic score of ecological civilization development level during 2005-2012. The tendency goes to gradually increased after the first stability. Since 2009, the level of Wuhan ecological civilization development increased significantly, which correspond to the approval of the State’s set up a "resource-saving and environment-friendly society comprehensive reform in Wuhan city circle test area ", highlighting the effect of policy implications and implementation.The seventh chapter, from two dimensions, establishing and improving ecological civilization evaluation system and promoting the ecological civilization construction of China, we propose relevant policy suggestions. The suggestions of the first dimension include following aspects:1. To speed up the legislative process of index evaluation to ensure monitoring process successfully conducted 2. To reform and improve the monitoring system of resources environmental ecological statistics; 3. To intensify researches on evaluation system, relying on which to promote the ecological civilization construction. The suggestions of the second dimension include following aspects:1. A transformation of economic development, environment and development dilemma drive from the steering environmental development; 2. Efficiency oriented to total control, the number of control to quality improvement; 3. To promote the construction of ecological civilization... Land and Spatial Planning System; 4. Build intensive and efficient, livable moderate urbanization pattern; 5. Through urban industrial transformation and upgrading, promote the coordinated development of industrialization and urbanization; 6. To promote the construction of ecological civilization regional interests coordination mechanism; 7. To establish institutional system of ecological civilization, and promote local government to coordinate the relationship between economic social development and environmental protection in order to provide a reference for future ecological civilization construction work.The eighth chapter, conclusions and outlook. This chapter summarizes and concludes the thesis, making scientific orientation for the future work of ecological civilization construction. Besides, it points out the deficiencies and problems to be improved, and makes working prospects of ecological civilization construction.The thesis systematically analyzes the situations and causes of resource environmental issues differences between each area, clearing the focus of the regional ecological civilization construction. Combined with the specific requirements of Eighteenth National Congress report on the ecological civilization construction, we select typical regional evaluation index and set up different index system. And we also choose provinces and large cities as representatives to do relevant measurements, proposing the corresponding policy suggestions. The main innovation of the paper contains the following aspects:1. On the basis of existing ecological civilization construction evaluation index system and assessment system, the thesis considers the resource environmental issues differences of regions, and clears the evaluation emphasis and directions of various regions. Also, based on regional differences and urban scale or function, we study and formulate ecological civilization evaluation index system, providing scientific reference to the evaluation and development of ecological civilization construction;2. Focused on each provinces and Wuhan city, the thesis has made static and dynamic analysis of ecological civilization development level, using provincial or large cities’ecological civilization evaluation index system. Aimed at the evaluation results, the thesis adopts spatial autocorrelation method to analyze horizontal spatial distribution and evolution pattern of ecological civilization, providing theoretical and working support to harmonized development of ecological civilization among regions;3. The thesis has put forward corresponding policy suggestions through establishing and improving the ecological civilization evaluation and assessment system, as well as promoting the ecological civilization construction of China.During the research process, the thesis uses multi-disciplinary theoretical perspective to make a comprehensive analysis, bringing in resources environmental economics, regional economics, industrial economics, ecology and statistics. On the basis of a comprehensive survey and research, the thesis sets up an evaluation index system which is relatively scientific and suitable for the characteristics of regional development; finally with the basic theory, combined with results of Provincial ecological civilization evaluation, the thesis analyzes current situation of ecological civilization construction and proposes relevant policy suggestions. Although some of the conclusions have some limits, I hope that the existing research results can provide reference to the future work of the government and policy makers.
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