Study On The Compensation And Incentive Mechanism Of Rural Homestead Exit

With the accelerated process of urbanization and industrialization,the objectives of a rapid change from rural population to urban population have been achieved.At the same time,the area of the rural residential land is not decreasing,the problem of idlig,wasting and inefficiently using rural homestead is very prominent,and the farmers’ homestead property value is difficult to achieve.Therefore,reforming and improving the system of rural homestead,solving the current problems in the utilization of rural homestead and promoting intensive utilization of rural land resources,improving the rural construction land efficiency,ensuring and realizing farmers’ land property rights has become an important task of speeding up new urbanization and promoting new rural construction.Based on the background mentioned above,this thesis concentrates on some important problems such as what is the motive forces of rural homestead withdrawal,how to exit the rural homestead, what is the farmers’ behavior intention to withdraw from the homestead,how to compensate for the farmers,how to encourage farmers to exit rural homestead. Therefore, study on the compensation and incentive mechanism of rural homestead exit is of important theoretical and practical significance.This study provided an useful reference for constructing rural homestead exit compensation and incentive mechanism and design innovative policies. The main researches and conclusions are as follows:(1) Based on the background of promoting the coordinated development of new urbanization and new rural construction,the basic framework of the rural homestead exit compensation and incentive mechanism was constructed,and three goals were proposed. The first goal is to guide farmers to gather in rural areas for promoting rural reconstruction and integration and improving the level of new rural construction; the second goal is to guide and encourage farmers to move into the town for promoting the transfer of agricultural population and speeding up the pace of new urbanization;the third goal is to promote the harmonious development of new rural construction and urbanization for achieving the goal of urban and rural development integration.(2) Based on the push pull theory, the driving force analysis framework of rural residential land withdrawal is constructed, which reveals the necessity and feasibility of the rural homestead exit.The push force contained the followings,such as the push force of making efficient and intensive use of rural land resources,rural space integration and reconstruction,function changes of rural homestead,realizing the property value and the evolution of rural homestead system.The pull force included the followings,such as strong construction land demands on urbanization developmentunder the new normal,rural population transfer,continuously improved level for living space,the reform of urban-rural duality system and the implementation of the relevant policies.(3) This paper summarizes the basic situation,main practices and specific characteristics of the typical pattern of exploration in practice,and also analyzes the common features and common problems of the existed models. The concept of rural residential land withdrawal system is proposed,and the connotation, characteristics and formation mechanism of rural residential land withdrawal model are analyzed. This paper enriches the theoretical system of rural homestead exit mode.Based on promoting the coordinated development of new urbanization and new rural construction,two modles are divided according to the choice of different types of farmers.The first exit mode was leaded by urbanization development,and the second was leaded by the promotion of new rural construction.And this paper provides a new perspective and new idea for studying the rural homestead exit model.(4) Based on the theory of planned behavior, the theory analysis framework of the peasant household’s behavior intention was established.Using the survey data from 428 rural households of Ningguo City in Anhui Province, the statistical results show that there are many more farmers who have the intention to exit the rural homestead comparing with those farmers who have no intention. Through the investigation of the reasons,it is founded that the choice of "dissatisfied with he compensation standard of the government" is the most. Using the survey data of the sample farmers,the paper analyzed the factors of peasants’ willingness to exit rural homestead by building the two Logistic model.The results show that the factors of peasant’s education degree and the demand for improving the living conditions have positive influences on peasant’s willingness to exit their rural homestead.While the factors of peasant’s age,household income level,family population and housing structure have negative influences. Other subjects don’t have a significant impact on the farmer’s homestead exit willingness.And if farmers feel that the current homestead exit compensation is unreasonable,the cost of living will increase after retirement,social security employment is not resolved,they will be reluctant to withdraw from the rural homestead,and the farmers who were in remote rural areas prefer to exit the rural homestead.(5) The rural homestead exit compensation value system was built from the perspective of farmers’ rights and interests,which included the value of rural residential land use rights,the value of housing and ancillary facilities and the value of land development right.And the connotation of compensation value was defined.Based on the idea and method,taking Ningguo city in Anhui Province as an example, according to field investigation and collection of information,the amount of compensation for the rural homestead use right is 190.14 yuan per square meter,and the amount of compensation for the land development right is 81.80 yuan per square meter.Through the investigation and analysis of the sample farmer A,it is concluded that the amount of compensation calculated is higher than the amount calculated in accordance with the current standard and there was obvious differences between the different models.Combined with different types of patterns of rural residential land exit,the different compensation method was devised.This paper enriches the theoretical system of rural homestead exit compensation, provides a new idea for the study of rural residential land exit compensation value, and also provides references for the rural residential land exit compensation practice.(6) The interests goal and behavior orientation of local government and farmers were analyzed.Using game theory,the dissertation analyses the interest game behavior and game equilibrium.And then two pure strategy Nash equilibrium and a mixed strategy Nash equilibrium was obtained.The results show that when the local government has higher probability to meet the reasonable demand for farmers and the farmers also have higher probability to exit,the result of the game is conducive to prompt agreement.From the farmers’ perspective,the positive incentive mechanism and reverse incentive mechanism of rural homestead were designed.This study stretches the research perspective of the rural homestead exit, provides the theoretical framework of rural residential land exit incentive mechanism.Lastly several relevant policies and recommendations are submitted for reference in this paper.