The Amount And Quality Of The Unified Management Of Water Resources In Arid Areas

Study on water resources in arid area is one of the focuses in water resource researches. The waterresource system in arid area has two marked characteristics. One is the universality of consumerand the other is the unity of water resource and water environment. The universality of consumerneeds that water distribution between human activity and nature ecosystem be determined by usingmethod of fixing the water demands of all consumers. Traditional method of limiting theutilization degree of water resource is unreasonale. The unity of the water resource and waterenvironment demands that water resources of supply and water bodies be fresh enough. Justprevention water from polluting can not meet the requirement of the social economy system towater quality. The former is the tendency of water resource management in and area; the later isthe advanced requirement of this management. Based on reasons motioned above, the study iscarried out and concludes as follows:(1) By analyzing the water resource management of Shule River Basin, the main reasons of theecological environment degeneration and the water environment depravation in arid area arepresented, which are caused by utilization of water resource. These reasons are: the method oflimiting the utilization degree of water resource can not exactly got results for the water demandsof ecosystem. Distributing water to ecosystem did not meet the needs. Changes of the water qualityof the upstream and downstream are not considered during the water distribution. To avoid these,the water resource management in arid area should change its direction to integrating waterquantity with water quality.(2) Value of water resource in arid area is studied. Calculation method of the loss caused byagriculture and several other kinds of water pollution is suggested. They are: the loss caused byindustry pollution can be determined by method of compensating the water disposaI fee, and theloss caused by agriculture pollution should be calculated by value of water quantity lost(3) Objectives of water resources management integrated quantity with quality in arid area arestudied. Four management objectives and 28 assessment criteria are Suggested. Based on thesecriteria and sustainable development theory, assessment criteria system is achieved, while decisionprinciple is developed.(4) Regarding the water resource value as the base point, the calculation methods and formulas ofthe net benefit of the water resource management integrated quantity and quality in arid area aresuggested. Based on these formulas, the optimization drainage pattern and principle are discussed.kkJ*k(5) Decision Support Systen1 of water resources Inanagement integrated Quantity with quality inSIlule River basin is developed. Tl1e DSS incIudes ol1e regiol1al optimization distribution modeI ofwater resources, one coupled simulating operation lnodel of surface water and groundwatet, twogroundwater flow simulating models and one simLllating model of groundwater soIutetransportation and one solute transportation simulati11g model il1 Shuangta Reservoir.(6 ) Using tl1e DSS as decisiol1 tool, water resources ma11agement integrated quantity with qualityin Sl1ule River basin is studied. OptilnaI distribution scheme of ShuIe River basin is presented,which can not only protect ecology environlnent reasonabIy, but also support the sustainabledevelopment of sociaI econolny. Evaluating of Tl1e scale of Agriculture Development andResettlement,Project in SI1ule River basin is do11e. Result sl1ows that scale of the project isreasonable, but the water resource distribution between Changma and Sl1uangta irrigation district,drainage scheme of Changma irrigation district should be cl1al1ged.(7) The drainage strategy of the Shule River basin is studied. OptimaI drainage pattern is suggested.That is, under tl1e condition of now, that the water resource is not very tensional, the farmIanddrainage should be drained out of...