Origin And Development Study On Simplex Reinforcing And Reducing Method In Acupuncture

Reinforcing and reducing method in acupuncture is a key and controversial conception, which has varied explanation by doctors lived in deferent era. That undoubtedly prevents the research and application of acupuncture manipulations. Through the collation and study, the thesis collects massive data and the literature from a mass of ancient books which are arranged in chronological order. Comparing and analyzing the methods and change law of six different simplex reinforcing and reducing methods make clear of development and make the past serve the present. In the meantime, collating and analyzing modern mechanism study and discussing the relevance between development characteristics of acupuncture simplex manipulations and special Chinese political culture characteristics. The thesis selectes six simplex reinforecing and reducing methods and doesn't involve compound methods because simplex method is basis of compound methods, so study should begain from simplex method and clarify matters and get to the bottom of things to clarify the development context of simplex reinforcing and reducing methods in acupuncture.This paper is divided into three parts, the first part is the study of simplex reinforecing and reducing methods of acupuncture in ancient China, the second part is the study of methods in modern China, and the third part is discussing part.The first part is the main body of paper. Six different methods are the reinforcing and reducing Achieved by means of respiration, rapid and slow insertion and withdrawal of the needle, keeping the hole open or close, the direction the needle tip pointing to, twirling and rotating the needle and lifting and thrusting the needle. Under the guidance of manipulation technicsc and age, based on extensive collection of medical original data from spring and autumn and Warring Stage Period to Ming Dynasty, through literature research method, the data of six different simplex reinforecing and reducing methods in acupuncture is selected, arranged and concluded. At the same time, the relevance between six acupuncture simplex manipulations and special Chinese political culture characteristics is collated and analyzed.The second part has two parts, which respectively are literature research and experimental research on modern study. Literature research includes theoretical research on simplex reinforcing and reducing methods by modern famous acupuncture professors, such as professor JinRui, Li Ding, WeiJia, FangJianqiao and so on. Experimental part is divided into the clinical mechanism research, laboratory mechanism research and quantization research.Through analyzing the data of acupuncture reinforcing-reducing techniques in nearly three decades, there aren't many high-level study of literature, especially less in the last five years. Research mainly concentrates on the reinforcing and reducing achieved by twirling and rotating the needle and lifting and thrusting the needle. The reasons for this situation should be related with controversy in itself and no uniform standard. The current study confirmed that acupuncture manipulation does have effect and different techniques can result in different effects. The experimental results coincide with the literature studies, but still need more high-quality data Support.The third part is the discussion part. Firstly summarizing origin and development on six simplex reinforeing and redueing method in acupuncture, and putting forward their own development characteristics. Secondly analyzing the relevance between the development characteristics of acupuncture simplex mani-pulations and special Chinese political culture characteristics.Six simplex reinforcing and reducing methods in paper originated in the Inner Canon of spring and autumn period and changed following Chinese dynasties and political cultural change. In Jin, Sui and Tang dynasty simplex manipulations mainly inherited the subject of the Inner Canon; in Song dynasty, many masterpiece, like "Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang" and "Sheng Ji Zong Lu", funded by the government laid the foundation for heritage development; Jin, Yuan dynasty was the special period in which active cultural and innovative thinking emerged. The reason for the special period needed further research; In Ming dynasty, development entered the peak and a large number of acupuncture monographs emerged. Doctors not only heritaged from the previous generation, but also emerged a large number of innovative thinking.Found that there is some correlation between the origin and development on six simplex reinforcing and reducing method in acupuncture and special Chinese political culture characteristics. Unique "elite politics" in China profoundly impact the development processof Chinese culture including acupuncture science.