A Study On The "Literary Ecology"

Ecology mainly probes into the interaction between organism and its environment. It develops rapidly with people's increasing attention to the environmental crisis. As the paradigm of intellectual history, ecology goes beyond the bounds of disciplines and permeates into such fields as politics, economic, philosophy, ethics, aesthetics, etc, and forms a kind of "pan-ecology" situation.In this thesis, "literary ecology" means an ecological metaphor in literature, that is to say, ecological method is used to observe, research and explain literature, and also the relationship between literature and its "environment" (noosphere).Ecology inquires into complexity, so ecological metaphor in literature requires us to view the complexity of literature and its theories in a fresh light. Here the first to be discussed is the relativity of literature. Symbolical exchange constantly happens between literature -a branch of noosphere (e.g. politics, ideology, economy, culture, society) and its environment. Literature has no a priori essence, its nature exists only in its relationship with environment. Then the thesis analyzes the organic property of literature. We should regard literature as an ana-organism with its own process of growing, developing nd evolving. Through motive, narrative literature structure, classical (dominance) and conventions (recessive), literature realizes its " heredity". The last to be discussed is the entirety of literature. Literature should be studied not in a state of disunity, but as a whole, no matter it means literary works themselves (their forms and contents) or each aspect of literary activities.This thesis emphasizes that "literary ecology" refers to an ecological metaphor in literature. But here metaphor doesn't mean vagueness, for generally speaking our ordinary concept system is metaphorical. After this, the thesis continues to discuss some characteristics of literature, e.g. its relativity, organic3property and entirety.This thesis expounds the recursion relationship between literature and politics. Since both of them are human's symbolical behavior, they form an ultra-circulation relationship with the same structure. The legitimacy prerequisite of politics is based on literary faction and narration. On the one hand, literature develops an "arguable" relationship toward politics by unconscious manifestation and imitation, and writes citizen's political "script" through "political culture", but on the other hand, it is governed by politics through the latter's intervention to the canonizing process of literature.This thesis discusses the comprehensive relationship between literature and ideology. By reading through the sign of the text, and using anthropological theories about rites and ceremonies for reference, this thesis attempts to explore how ideology reproduces through texts and practice; meanwhile, it probes into the entangling and conflicting relations among various kinds of ideology in the text concerned.This thesis also talks about the coordinative and antagonistic relationship between literature and economy. Generally, literature is dominated by economy. However, it can also safeguard or criticize ideology in social mode of production. Moreover, the relation between literature and economy has 3 more forms: unevenness, separation and inter-permeation. Literature should express people's "inherently moral consideration" in the economic field, promote the creation of a stable economy and realize the harmonious development of economy, society and culture as well.